Caspar Stromayr

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Caspar Stromayr (* 16th century; † 1566 or 1567 in Lindau (Lake Constance) ; also Caspar Stromayer , Casparus Stormayr , Kaspar Stormayr or Kaspar Stromayer ) was a practicing surgeon and ophthalmologist in Lindau in Lake Constance. In 1559 Stromayr wrote a textbook on surgery that was progressive for his time and, as an appendix, one of the earliest works on ophthalmology in German.

Illustration from Stromayr's Practica Copiosa , possibly showing Stromayr as the surgeon

Life

Caspar Stromayr was probably born in Augsburg as the son of the Stromair surgeon family based there. It is possible that he was trained there by the doctor Balthasar Stöffler. Stromayr then worked in Zurich in 1557 with the doctor Conrad Gessner and later in Nuremberg . In Lindau, Stromayr married Guta, the daughter of the Lindau surgeon Ulrich von Angelburg, in whose practice he probably also worked as a journeyman. This marriage resulted in three sons and the only daughter Anna, who was baptized on December 6, 1567. The Lutheran city pastor Mathias Roth took over the sponsorship for all children. Marrying into the surgeon's family enabled Stromayr to join the surgeons' guild . At least since 1559 was Stromayr in Lindau as a stone cutter , cut - and ophthalmologist operates. After being granted citizenship on January 3, 1561, Strohmayr was able to practice independently in the city. However, Strohmayr was not granted full citizenship by the city, as the right of residence was granted to him only upon revocation and the free care of the poor and high expenses for city defense were imposed on him. From 1559 Stromayr worked on his book Practica Copiosa , a textbook on hernia surgery, with an appendix on ophthalmology. Since his work stopped abruptly in 1566 in the middle of some prepared chapters, it can be assumed that Stromayr died in 1566 or 1567.

Services

In 1559, Caspar Stromayr wrote his richly illustrated work Practica Copiosa , a progressive textbook on hernia surgery at the time (intestinal hernia surgery). In this, Stormayer was the first to differentiate between internal and external hernias. In addition, he wrote one of the earliest ophthalmological works in German, in which he describes possible causes and treatment options for cataracts and vigorously speaks out against the widespread incompetence and charlatanism of the ophthalmologists of his time. Stromayr's work was created by a scribe and four different draftsmen. After Stromayr's death, the unbound fascicles probably passed into the possession of his father-in-law Ulrich von Angelburg. Angelburg initially left the texts to the Lindau barber Ludwig Oberreit , who left some of his own comments on the pages. Finally, in 1577 von Angelburg sold the fascicle to the city of Lindau. There the pages were bound in the same year . The bookbinder must have made a mistake here, as the texts were not in the correct order and the texts were partly interlaced. In addition, the ophthalmological section, which was originally designed as a separate work, was included in the book. Stromayr actually intended the herniological work as a gift for the Zurich doctor Peter Hafner, whereas the ophthalmological work was to remain in Lindau. The work was soon forgotten in the Imperial City Library in Lindau and was not rediscovered until 1909. In 1925 the medical historian Walter von Brunn published the work again and made it internationally known again.

Works

  • Practica copiosa of the Right Grounds of Bruch Schnidts . Lindau (1559-1567).
    • bound: Jakob Ruëff : Practica in arte ophthalmica copiosa. Zurich around 1550.

Editions of works and literature

  • Walter von Brunn : The handwriting of the cutting and ophthalmologist Caspar Strohmayr in Lindau in Lake Constance: Practica copiosa from the right ground of the break Schnidts with sambt then figures, besides several Imposturas vuler unerfarnen Schnidt u. Surgeon . In the Lindau manuscript (PI 46) of July 4, 1559; with e. histor. Einf. U. Valuable Idra-Verlagsanstalt, Berlin 1925 (first new publication).
  • Caspar Stromayr: Practica copiosa from the right ground of Deß Bruch Schnidts (1559). Edited by Werner Friedrich Kümmel together with Gundolf Keil and Peter Proff, (volume 1: facsimile; volume 2: commentary volume) Munich 1978 (only volume 1) and 1983 (volume 1 and 2).
    • Gundolf Keil, Peter Proff: Commentary on the facsimile edition with special consideration of the Paracelsus reception and the communication structure in surgical secret books of the early modern period . In: Practica copiosa from the right ground of Bruch Schnidts . Facsimilia Art & Edition Ebert, Darmstadt 1994, ISBN 3-929230-02-X .

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Werner Friedrich Kümmel: Commentary volume on the facsimile of the manuscript . In: Practica copiosa from the right foundation of the Bruch-Schmidts . Idion, Munich 1983 (PPN 037750526).
  2. ↑ a b c Gundolf Keil, Peter Proff: Commentary on the facsimile edition with special consideration of the Paracelsus reception and the communication structure in surgical secret books of the early modern period . In: Practica copiosa from the Right Grounds of Bruch Schmidt . Facsimilia Art & Edition Ebert, Darmstadt 1994, ISBN 3-929230-02-X , p. 26-28 .
  3. ^ DL Blanchard: Caspar Stromayr: sixteenth century ophthalmologist . In: Survey of Ophthalmology . tape 35 , no. 2 , 1990, ISSN  0039-6257 , pp. 164-170 , PMID 2237760 (English).
  4. ↑ Leo M. Zimmerman, Ilza Veith: Great Ideas in the History of Surgery . Norman, 1993, p. 218-229 (English).
personal data
SURNAME Stromayr, Caspar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stromayer, Caspar; Stormayr, Casparus; Stormayr, Kaspar; Stromayer, Kaspar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German ophthalmologist and surgeon
DATE OF BIRTH 16th Century
DATE OF DEATH 1556 or 1557
Place of death Lindau (Lake Constance)