Ceratopetalum apetalum
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Illustration of Ceratopetalum apetalum |
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Ceratopetalum apetalum, or Coachwood and Tarwood , is a tree in the Cunoniaceae family native to eastern Australia , New South Wales, and Queensland .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Ceratopetalum apetalum grows as an evergreen , multi-stemmed shrub or as a tree with a rounded and dense crown about 20-25 meters or more high. The trunk diameter reaches up to 70-90 centimeters. There are short roots or smaller buttress roots . The smooth, fibrous and firmly adhering bark is gray to brown and speckled and somewhat striated or striated, on older specimens it is thicker, cracked and blackish at the bottom of the trunk. The bark is aromatic, smells like caramel and contains coumarin as well as the reddish, cinema-like resin of the tree.
The against-constant leaves are trifoliate or rarely mostly feathered with one pinna leaflet (unifoliolate; reduced composite sheet). The leaflets are obovate to lanceolate or ovate to lanceolate. They are short-stalked and sawed or notched on the edge, the point is rounded to pointed. The bald, leathery somewhat stiff blade is 6.5-15 inches long and 2-5 inches wide. The 1-2 centimeter long petiole in the unifoliolate leaflets has a joint ( pulvinus , articulation) at the top of the leaf attachment , the three-fold leaves have sessile leaflets. The nerve is pinnate with raised, yellowish central vein underneath and fine lateral veins. The small, paired stipules are sloping.
Generative characteristics
Axillary, fine-haired and long-stalked and umbrella-clustered - zymous , loose inflorescences are formed at the branch ends . The inflorescence stalks are up to 10-12 centimeters long. The four- to five-fold, hermaphrodite and short-stalked, small flowers with a simple flower envelope are without petals. There is a small, funnel-shaped flower base . The pointed and elongated to obovate, free and spreading sepals are initially white and then larger, about 7–8.5 millimeters long and red.
There are 8–10 inflected, free stamens that sit on the large, thick disc , the anthers have a small, pointed appendage at the tip. The two-chambered ovary is semi-subordinate with two semi-overgrown styles with small, cephalic scars .
Small, woody-corky, cardboard-like and solitary, brownish wing fruits (pseudosamara, nuts, false fruits ) with a permanent base, discus, stylus and stamina remains as well as star-shaped, woody and winged sepals are formed. The actual nut without wings is about 3.5–4 millimeters in size. The diaspores are spread out by the wind .
use
The medium-weight, reddish and durable wood is beautiful and can be used for various applications. In the past, the wood was often used to build coaches. It is also known as fragrant satin wood because it smells pleasantly like caramel.
literature
- JH Maiden : The Forest Flora of New South Wales. Vol. I, Gullick, 1904, pp. 127-129, Pl. 21, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
- DJ Boland, MIH Brooker, GM Chippendale and others: Forest Trees of Australia. Fifth Edition, CSIRO, 2006, ISBN 0-643-06969-0 , p. 94 f.
- BJ Pellow, M, J. Henwood, R, Ch. Carolin: Flora of the Sydney Region. Fifth Edition, Sydney University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1-920899-30-1 , p. 285.
- Morris Lake: Australian Rainforest Woods. CSIRO, 2015, ISBN 978-1-4863-0179-9 , p. 50 f.
- Cheryll Williams: Medicinal Plants in Australia. Volume 2: Gums, Resins, Tannin and Essential Oils , Rosenberg, 2011, ISBN 978-1-8770-5894-3 , p. 88 ff.
Web links
- Coachwoood Ceratopetalum apetalum from Australian Tree Images, accessed May 21, 2019.