Chamaecyparis formosensis
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Chamaecyparis formosensis |
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Chamaecyparis Formosensis , even Red Taiwanzypresse or Formosan cypress is a plant from the family of the cypress family (Cupressaceae). It is endemic to the island of Taiwan .
description
Chamaecyparis formosensis grows as an evergreen tree that can reach heights of up to 65 meters and a diameter of up to 6.5 meters at chest height . The bark is more or less red-brown in color. The branches go straight or hanging down from the trunk. The twigs stick out straight from the branches.
The scale-like leaves are 1 to 3 millimeters long and triangular to diamond-shaped. Leaves on the top of the branches have a green surface, leaves on the underside of the branches have a blue-green surface. The underside of the leaf is whitish in color. The tip of the leaves is pointed to bent back. When the leaves are damaged, they give off a scent reminiscent of rotting seaweed .
The brown cones are egg-shaped to oblong-egg-shaped with a length of 6 to 12 millimeters and a thickness of 5 to 9 millimeters. When ripe they are colored brown. Each cone consists of eight to 14 cone scales, each of which carries two seeds. The flat, brown to reddish brown seeds are winged. They are oval-spherical in shape with a diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 millimeters.
The tree is extremely long-lived. It is estimated that it can live to be over 3,000 years old.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
Distribution and location
The natural range of Chamaecyparis formosensis is in northern and central Taiwan . It occurs there near Yuenyang Lake and Lala Mountain .
Chamaecyparis formosensis thrives at altitudes of 1000 to 3000 meters. The species is mainly found in the mountains where it grows in coniferous and evergreen mixed forests. Often pure stands are formed, but mixed stands are also formed with the Hinoki false cypress ( Chamaecyparis obtusa ).
Systematics
It was first described as Chamaecyparis formosensis in 1901 by Jinzô Matsumura in Botanical Magazine, 15 (177), pp. 137-138 . Synonyms for Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum. are Cupressus formosensis (Matsum.) A. Henry and Cupressus formosensis (Matsum.) Silba .
The species is very closely related to the Sawara cypress ( Chamaecyparis pisifera ).
Hazard and protection
Chamaecyparis formosensis is listed on the IUCN Red List as "critically endangered". In the past, many larger trees were felled for logging. The natural rejuvenation is good, however, as long as the offspring is not displaced by the undergrowth.
swell
- Christopher J. Earle: Chamaecyparis formosensis. In: The Gymnosperm Database. conifers.org, December 12, 2010, accessed December 30, 2011 .
- Liguo Fu, Yong-fu Yu, Robert P. Adams, Aljos Farjon: Cupressaceae . Chamaecyparis. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Volume 4. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Chamaecyparis formosensis , pp. 68 (English, Chamaecyparis formosensis - online - this printed work is online with the same text).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Robyn Taylor (Tilman Aretz): Protection for the aged beauty of nature. Taiwan Today, January 1, 2020; accessed February 16, 2020 .
- ↑ Chamaecyparis. AG Dörken - Evolution and Biodiversity of Land Plants (University of Konstanz), accessed on February 16, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Christopher J. Earle: Chamaecyparis formosensis. In: The Gymnosperm Database. conifers.org, December 12, 2010, accessed December 30, 2011 .
- ↑ a b c d Liguo Fu, Yong-fu Yu, Robert P. Adams, Aljos Farjon: Cupressaceae . Chamaecyparis. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Volume 4. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Chamaecyparis formosensis , pp. 68 (English, Chamaecyparis formosensis - online - this printed work is online with the same text).
- ^ A b c Zhang, D & Christian, T .: Chamaecyparis formosensis . In: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . e.T32333A2815341, 2013, doi : 10.2305 / IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T32333A2815341.en (English).
- ↑ Chamaecyparis formosensis at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 30, 2011.
Web links
- Chamaecyparis formosensis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2011. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 2000. Accessed December 30, 2011th