Chandel (district)

Chandel District
State	Manipur
Administrative headquarters :	Chandel
Area :	3313 km²
Residents :	144,182 (2011)
Population density :	44 people / km²
Website :	official website

The district of Chandel is a district in the Indian state of Manipur . The administrative seat is the eponymous city of Chandel .

geography

The district of Chandel is located in the southeast of Manipur on the border with Myanmar . Neighboring districts are Senapati and Ukhrul in the north and Churachandpur and Thoubal in the west. In the east and south the district borders on the state of Myanmar. The district of Chandel is divided into the five sub-divisions Chakpikarong, Chandel, Khengjoy, Machi and Tengnoupal.

The area of the district of Chandel is 3313 square kilometers. The district is a highland with numerous hills. In the middle of the district, a mountain range that extends to an altitude of 2373 m separates the district. All streams and rivers in the east drain into Myanmar. All waters in the western part are tributaries of the Manipur.

history

In the late 19th century, the British conquered the area and the area became part of Manipur within Bengal. During World War II he was on the frontline between the British and the Japanese. After Indian independence, Manipur joined India in 1949. Until May 13, 1974, today's district belonged to the Manipur Central district as a sub-division under the name Tengnoupal . Since then it has been an independent district within today's boundaries. With the change of the main town from Tengnoupal to Chandel, the district name was renamed.

population

According to the 2011 census, the Chandel district has 144,182 inhabitants. With 44 inhabitants per square kilometer, the district is only sparsely populated. The district is clearly rural.

The district of Chandel belongs to the areas of Manipur that are mostly populated by members of the "tribal population" ( scheduled tribes ). They include (2011) 128,280 people (88.9 percent of the district's population). The largest groups are the Thadou , Anal and Maring . Other important groups are the Moyon , Lamkang , Monsang , Chothe , Paite and Zou . In 2011, 540 people (0.37 percent of the district's population) belonged to the Dalit ( scheduled castes ).

Population development

As everywhere in India, the population in the Bishnupur district has been growing rapidly for decades. The increase in the years 2001–2011 was around 22 percent (21.85%). In those ten years the population increased by more than 25,000 people. The following table shows the exact numbers:

Significant places

The most populous place within the district and the only place with more than 10,000 inhabitants is Moreh 16,847 inhabitants. The urban population makes up only 11.68 percent of the total population.

District population by gender

As in many parts of India, the percentage of the female population has decreased at times over the past few decades. Nevertheless, the fluctuations within the sexes for Indian standards - with the exception of 1991 - are within a medium range (proportion of women between 47.73 and 51.91% since independence).

Distribution of the population by gender in Chandel district
	1951 census		1961 census		1971 census		1981 census		1991 census		2001 census		2011 census
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
TOTAL	24,049	100%	27,679	100%	38,723	100%	56,444	100%	71,014	100%	118,327	100%	144.182	100%
Men	11,566	48.09%	13,784	49.80%	19,605	50.62%	29,174	51.69%	37,118	52.26%	59,741	50.48%	74,579	51.73%
Women	12,483	51.91%	13,895	50.21%	19,118	49.37%	27,270	48.31%	33,896	47.73%	58,586	49.51%	69,603	48.27%

District population by language

Almost the entire population of Chandel District speaks Tibetan-Burmese languages . Only around 2 percent of the population speaks other languages. Mostly Nepali, Hindi or Bengali. The most widely spoken language in Manipur, Meitei (also known as Manipuri), is used as a mother tongue by just over 4 percent of the total population in the district.

year	Thado		Anal		Maring		Meitei		Vaiphei		Zou		Kuki		Gangte		Com		Total
year	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%
2001	36,200	30.59	20,131	17.01	18,500	15.63	5224	4.41	4589	3.88	4543	3.84	2160	1.83	1218	1.03	1153	0.97	118,327	100.00%
Source: 2001 census result

Population of the district by confession

Today the majority of the residents profess Christianity. Since India's independence, almost all tribesmen ( scheduled tribes ) converted to Christianity. The Baptists are particularly numerous (Manipur Baptist Convention; at the end of 2015 1303 parishes with 196,217 members). The only significant religious minority are the Hindus with around 7.5 percent of the population. Around 3,100 Muslims form a smaller minority. The following table shows the exact religious composition of the population:

year	Buddhists		Christians		Hindus		Jainas		Muslims		Sikhs		Other		not specified		Total
year	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%
1961	0	0.00%	12,464	45.03%	1066	3.85%	0	0.00%	29	0.10%	3	0.01%	14,117	51.00%	0	0.00%	27,679	100.00%
2011	400	0.28%	129,049	89.50%	10,810	7.50%	59	0.04%	3,086	2.14%	136	0.09%	354	0.25%	288	0.20%	144.182	100.00%
Source: 2011 census result

Distribution urban and rural population

Chandel is one of the most rural districts within the state. The distribution:

Urban and rural populations in Chandel District
	1961 census		1971 census		1981 census		1991 census		2001 census		2011 census
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
TOTAL	27,679	100%	38,723	100%	56,444	100%	71,014	100%	118,327	100%	144.182	100%
CITY	0	0%	0	0%	7678	13.60%	9673	13.62%	14,962	12.64%	16,847	11.68%
COUNTRY	27,679	100%	38,723	100%	48,766	86.40%	61,341	86.38%	103,365	87.36%	127,335	88.32%
Sources: Government of Manipur, Population of Manipur 2006 and result of the 2011 census

education

Despite significant efforts, the goal of full literacy has not yet been achieved. There are also huge differences. While almost 8 in 10 men can read and write in urban areas, around 5 in 8 women in rural areas can read and write. The following table shows the development:

Literacy in the Chandel District
unit	1991 census		2001 census		2011 census
unit	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
TOTAL	27,711	46.68%	57,460	56.22%	90.302	71.11%
Men	17,920	57.39%	33,147	64.34%	51,053	77.78%
Women	9791	34.80%	24,313	47.98%	39,249	63.96%
TOTAL CITY	3843	48.31%	7595	60.33%	10,285	71.47%
City men	2521	58.19%	4542	71.18%	5,910	79.52%
City women	1322	36.49%	3053	49.18%	4,375	62.88%
TOTAL COUNTRY	23,868	46.43%	49,865	55.65%	80.017	71.06%
Country men	15,399	57.26%	28,605	63.38%	45.143	77.56%
Country women	8469	34.55%	21,260	49.18%	34,874	64.10%
Source: Government of Manipur, Population of Manipur 2006 and result of the 2011 census

administration

The district is divided into five sub-divisions. The sub-division Khengjoy came into being after 2011. The population of the then four sub-divisions was in 2011:

Population in the sub-divisions
	Chakpikarong		Chandel		Machi		Tengnoupal
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
TOTAL	52,939	100%	32,133	100%	19,865	100%	39,245	100%
CITY	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	16,847	42.01%
COUNTRY	52,939	100%	32,133	100%	19,865	100%	22,398	57.99%

Individual evidence

Web links

24.4 93.5Coordinates: 24 ° 24 ′ 0 ″ N , 93 ° 30 ′ 0 ″ E

[1] Chandel District: Census 2011 data

[2] A - 2 DECADAL VARIATION IN POPULATION SINCE 1901

[3] Result of the 2011 census on city population

[4] Information from the Baptist World Alliance

[5] District Census Handbook Chandel