Chelyocarpus
| Chelyocarpus | ||||||||||||
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Chelyocarpus ulei with a young inflorescence |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Chelyocarpus | ||||||||||||
| Dammer |
Chelyocarpus is a genus of palm that is native to South America.
features
Chelyocarpus forms one or more stems, these are slender, short-stemmed, erect or creeping. The palms are hermaphrodite fan palms unarmed and bloom several times. The leaves are often divided by deep and shallow incisions. The leaf sheath is fibrous and densely velvety, golden-brown when young. In old age it breaks down into loose fibers. The petiole is long. The leaf blade is flat and thin. Along the central fold it is clearly divided over the middle or almost to the base. The resulting halves are further divided into wide, simply folded segments ( Chelyocarpus chuco ), or there are elongated, wedge-shaped segments that are folded several times. These can in turn be divided into simply folded subsegments in the end area.
The inflorescence stands between the leaves, is pendulous and branched one or two times. The flowers are hermaphrodite and very fragrant. The sepals are free almost to the base. The flowers usually have two or three free carpels. The stamens have fleshy, broad filaments. The fruit develops from only one of the carpels. It is spherical, the exocarp is smooth or roughly corky and warty, the mesocarp is thick and dry, the endocarp is membranous.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
Distribution and locations
Chelyocarpus is found in the Amazon region of Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador and western Colombia. The representatives grow in the lowlands in areas with high precipitation. The occurrences coincide with three of the nine regions postulated by Haffer in 1969, in which the rainforest survived in the dry periods of the Pleistocene .
Systematics
The genus Chelyocarpus Dammer is placed within the family Arecaceae in the subfamily Coryphoideae , Tribe Cryosophileae . The genus is possibly the sister group of all other genera of the Cryosophileae.
The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew's World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognizes the following species:
- Chelyocarpus chuco (Mart.) HEMoore : The home is Brazil and northern Bolivia.
- Chelyocarpus dianeurus (Burret) HEMoore : The home is Colombia.
- Chelyocarpus repens F.Kahn & K.Mejia : The home is the Loreto region in northern Peru.
- Chelyocarpus ulei Dammer : It is native to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and northwestern Brazil.
The name Chelyocarpus is made up of the ancient Greek words for turtle and fruit and refers to the surface of the fruit, which is similar to the surface of a turtle shell.
supporting documents
- John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera Palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms . Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2 , pp. 234-237.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Chelyocarpus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 26, 2011.
Web links
- Chelyocarpus on the website of the Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden