Coryphoideae

Coryphoideae
	Hyphaene thebaica
Systematics
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Monocots
	Commelinids
Order :	Palm- like arecales
Family :	Palm family (Arecaceae)
Subfamily :	Coryphoideae
Scientific name
	Coryphoideae
	Burnett

The Coryphoideae are a subfamily of the palm family (Arecaceae). It includes most of the palm trees with palmate leaves.

features

The representatives are hermaphroditic, monoecious , dioecious , or polygamous. They bloom once ( hapaxanth ) or several times (pollakanth). They are sometimes reinforced, but the spines are never emergences . The leaves are divided palmately (palmatically), pinnate, pinnate ribbed or rarely double pinnate. With a few exceptions, the feathering is induplicate, so the segments are separated at the adaxial folding edges. All induplicate palms belong to this subfamily. But there are also representatives with duplicate or irregular page division.

The inflorescences are often heavily branched. The bracts are sometimes tubular. The flowers are solitary or in coils , rarely in triads. The flowers are hermaphroditic or unisexual. The gynoeceum is free or fused (apocarp or synkarp). The ovules have different shapes. The exocarp is smooth or divided into corky warts. The endocarp is usually thin at maturity, only rarely thick. One to three seeds are formed per fruit.

distribution

The distribution area of the subfamily essentially corresponds to that of the family. The representatives colonize a wider range of locations and climatic extremes than any other subfamily of the Arecaceae.

Fossil finds as well as phylogenetic analyzes indicate that the subfamily originated in the northern hemisphere. In the late Cretaceous and Tertiary there was then a diversification in boreotropic areas.

Systematics

The Coryphoideae in the sense of Dransfield et al. (2008) are identified as natural relatives ( Monophylum ) in numerous studies . They are the sister group of the clade from Arecoideae + Ceroxyloideae . Four clades are distinguished within the subfamily, the position of which is still unclear:

Phoeniceae

Trachycarpeae

	Sabaleae

	Cryosophileae

Chuniophoeniceae

Caryoteae

	Corypheae

	Borasseae

For a list of all genera see palm trees .

supporting documents

John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera Palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms . Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2 , p. 215.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera Palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms . Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2 , p. 111.

Web links

Commons : Coryphoideae - collection of images, videos and audio files

[GP2biogeography-1] A ^b John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera Palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms . Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2 , p. 111.