Chitotriosidase
| Chitinase-1 | ||
|---|---|---|
|
Existing structural data : 1guv , 1hki , 1hkj , 1hkk , 1hkm , 1lg1 , 1lg2 , 1lq0 , 1waw , 1wb0 |
||
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 445 amino acids | |
| Secondary to quaternary structure | Monomer | |
| Isoforms | 3 | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene names | CHIT1 ; CHIT; CHI3 | |
| External IDs | ||
| Enzyme classification | ||
| EC, category | 3.2.1.14 , glycosidase | |
| Response type | Hydrolysis of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine (1 → 4) -β bonds in chitin and chitodextrins | |
| Substrate | Chitin, chitodextrins | |
| Products | Degradation products | |
| Occurrence | ||
| Homology family | Chitinase | |
| Parent taxon | Creature | |
Chitotriosidase (also chitinase ) is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of chitin . Chitinases are formed by all organisms that can synthesize chitin as well as by other organisms for defense against pathogens and for digestion . Chitotriosidase can be produced by activated macrophages in vertebrates .
In humans, participation in the defense against chitin-containing pathogens such as fungi , roundworms and insects is discussed, but the complete enzyme deficiency in 6% of the population does not seem to have any disease value.
Very high levels of chitotriosidase are found in the blood serum of patients with Gaucher disease, in whom the enzyme levels are also used to control enzyme replacement therapy. In the case of other lysosomal storage diseases , arteriosclerosis , thalassemia , sarcoidosis , multiple sclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver inflammation , the enzyme activity in the serum is slightly to greatly increased. The serum values are also higher in healthy old people than in healthy young people.
The coding gene is located on chromosome 1 (1q31-q32) in humans and is found in homologous form and the like. a. preserved evolutionarily in rodents and primates .
To determine the enzyme activity, the substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl-triacetylchitotrioside is allowed to break down by the chitotriosidase and the resulting product methylumbelliferone is then measured by means of fluorescence spectroscopy . Normal values are well below 200 nmol / h / ml.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Guo Yufeng et al. (1995): Elevated plasma chitotriosidase activity in various lysosomal storage disorders. In: Journal of inherited metabolic disease, PMID 8750610
- ↑ Marta Artieda, Ana Cenarro, Alberto Gañán, Ivonne Jericó, Carmen Gonzalvo, Juan M. Casado, Isabel Vitoria, José Puzo, Miguel Pocoví, Fernando Civeira: Serum Chitotriosidase Activity Is Increased in Subjects With Atherosclerosis Disease . In: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology . 23, No. 9, January 9, 2003, pp. 1645-1652. doi : 10.1161 / 01.ATV.0000089329.09061.07 . Retrieved July 4, 2012.