Chorioactidaceae

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chorioactidaceae
Chorioactis geaster

Chorioactis geaster

Systematics
Sub-kingdom : Dikarya
Department : Ascomycota mushrooms
Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina)
Class : Pezizomycetes
Order : Cuplets (Pezizales)
Family : Chorioactidaceae
Scientific name
Chorioactidaceae
Pfister

The Chorioactidaceae form a family of mushrooms within the order of the muglings .

features

Macroscopic features

The Chorioactidaceae form so-called apothecia as fruiting bodies , which are 3 to 12 cm wide. The flesh is white. The outer surface of the fruiting body is brown to almost black and hairy. When they are still immature, the fruiting bodies are often rolled up, sometimes opening up in a star shape. In contrast to the dark colors on the outside, the color of the fruit layer ranges from beige, yellow, orange, reddish yellow, wine red to brown. The fruiting bodies are sessile, only very short stalked or with an elongated stalk buried in the ground .

Microscopic features

The excipulum consists of a textura intricata (a tissue made of filamentous, strongly interwoven hyphae ), which, however, becomes wider outward and thus resembles textura angularis (a parenchymal- like tissue). Hair arises within the medullary excipulum, varies in length, brown with thorns or warts. The tubes are long, up to 700 micrometers in size, they often all smell at the same time, with an operculum , a kind of lid. Typical for all species of the Chorioactidaceae are the ornamented spores, the warts or combs are cyanophilic , so they can be stained with cotton blue. Some species like Desmazierella acicola have a cyanophilic outer layer of the spores. They are arranged in a single row in the hose, elliptical or spindle-shaped. The paraphyses are threadlike or rosary-like (moniliform) with many cross connections ( anastomising ). In Desmazierella , setae protrude from the fruit layer . The spores as well as the cells of the paraphyses are polynuclear .

Ecology and diffusion

The Chorioactidaceae are widespread in the northern hemisphere , but mostly with limited or disjoint distribution. So come Chorioactis Geaster only in Texas and in Japan. The species live on plant substrates such as rotten wood or needles from conifers .

Systematics and taxonomy

The Chorioactidaceae were first described in 2008 by Donald H. Pfister in the journal Mycological Research , in order to delimit the four genera Chorioactis , Desmazierella , Neournula and Wolfina , which up to now have either belonged to the family of the cup relatives (Sarcoscyphaceae) or the family of the gelatinous ball relatives (Sarcosomataceae). stood. Phylogenetically , they stand between the two families. A fifth genus, Pseudosarcosoma, was described in later investigations . and the family is seen as a sister family to the gelatinous ball relatives.

The following genera currently (December 2016) belong to the family of Chorioactidaceae:

swell

literature

  • Donald H. Pfister, Caroline Slater, Karen Hansen: Chorioactidaceae: a new family in the Pezizales (Ascomycota) with four genera . In: Mycological Research . tape 112 , no. 5 , 2008, p. 513-527 , doi : 10.1016 / j.mycres.2007.11.016 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e Donald H. Pfister, Caroline Slater, Karen Hansen: Chorioactidaceae: a new family in the Pezizales (Ascomycota) with four genera . In: Mycological Research . tape 112 , no. 5 , 2008, p. 513-527 , doi : 10.1016 / j.mycres.2007.11.016 .
  2. ↑ Mycobank: Chorioactidaceae . Accessed December 15, 2016 .
  3. ↑ Carbone, M; Agnello, C; Alvarado, P .: Phylogenetic studies in the family Sarcosomataceae (Ascomycota, Pezizales). In: Ascomycete.org . tape 5 , no. 1 , 2013, p. 1-12 ( pdf ). pdf ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ascomycete.org
  4. ^ NCBI: Chorioactidaceae . Accessed December 15, 2016 .

Web links

Commons : Chorioactidaceae  - collection of images, videos and audio files