Cohors I Hispanorum (Aegyptus)
The Cohors I Hispanorum [Cyrenaica] [equitata] ( German 1st cohort of Hispanics [from the Cyrenaica ] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.
Name components
- Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .
- I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors prima ...
- Hispanorum : the Hispanic . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited on the territory of the Roman province of Hispania Tarraconensis when the unit was established .
- Cyrenaica : from the Cyrenaica . The addition occurs in the military diploma of 142; it suggests an earlier stay in Cyrenaica.
- equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in several inscriptions.
Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.
history
The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Aegyptus and Arabia (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years 83-142 AD.
The unit was probably already set up under Augustus and may have been stationed in Aegyptus since his reign . The first evidence in the province is based on a diploma dated 83. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Aegyptus ) that were stationed in the province. Another diploma, dated 98/105, proves unity in the same province.
In the diploma of 105 the cohort is listed as ex translatarum in Iudaeam , i.e. H. it was to be moved to the province of Iudaea . But since she is not listed on any of the later military diplomas for Iudaea , she probably took part in the annexation of the Nabatean Empire by Trajan in 106 and was then stationed in the newly established province of Arabia Petraea . The cohort was first documented in Arabia through a diploma .
Locations
Cohort locations in Aegyptus may have been:
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Members of the cohort
The following members of the cohort are known:
Commanders
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Others
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See also
literature
- Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula. Dissertation, 1973 Volume 1 ( PDF 1 ) Volume 2 ( PDF 2 )
- John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4
Remarks
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Peter Weiß , Michael P. Speidel : The first military diploma for Arabia In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik , Volume 150 (2004), pp. 253–264, here pp. 259, 264 ( online ).
- ↑ Inscriptions with equitata ( CIL 3, 50 , CIL 3, 14147,2 , SB 4591, SB 8518).
- ↑ Military diplomas of the years 83 ( CIL 16, 29 ), 98/105 ( ZPE-133-271 ), 105 ( RMD 1, 9 ) and 142 ( ZPE-150-254 ).
- ^ A b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 108, 112-113.
- ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 Table 14 ( PDF ).
- ^ A b c Margaret M. Roxan , The Auxilia, pp. 189-197, 653-655.
- ↑ Inscriptions from Talmis (SB 4124, SB 4126, SB 4591, SB 8515, SB 8518).
- ↑ Inscription from Syene ( CIL 3, 14147,2 ).
- ↑ Sabino Perea Yébenes: Documentación del exercitus hispanicus: soldados y oficiales de alas y cohortes con etnónimo hispano en inscripciones y papiros griegos. Prosopografía. In: Aquila Legionis 7, 2006, 65-108, here pp. 83-86, 88, 93-97 ( online ).