Cohors I Noricorum

The military diploma of June 13, 80 AD ( CIL 16, 26 )

The Cohors I Noricorum [equitata] [Antoniniana] [Gordiana] ( German  1st cohort of the Noriker [partially mounted] [the Antoninian] [the Gordian] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps.

Name components

• Noricorum : the Noriker . When the unit was established, the soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Celtic people of the Norics in the Roman province of Noricum .

• equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition occurs in inscriptions.

• Antoniniana : the Antoninian. An honorary title that refers to Caracalla (211-217). The addition appears in an inscription.

• Gordiana : the Gordian. A title of honor that refers to Gordian III. (238-244) refers. The addition appears in an inscription.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Pannonia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 80 to 193.

The unit was probably already stationed in Pannonia during the reign of Claudius (41-54) . A diploma proves it for the first time in the province for the year 80. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, which are dated from 84 to 193, prove the unit in Pannonia (or from 110 in Pannonia Inferior ).

The last evidence of the cohort is based on an inscription dated 240.

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Pannonia were possibly:

• Ad Statuas ( Várdomb )
• Alisca ( Őcsény )
• Brigetium ( Komárom )
• Lugio ( Dunaszekcső ): inscriptions were found here.
• Szekszárd Castle

Bricks with the stamp of the unit were found at the Zwentendorf fort .

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Lucius Volcacius Primus , a prefect

M (arcus) M []: he is named on the diploma of 147 as a commander.

Others

[?] ( CIL 3, 3300 ) L (ucius) Marcius Blandus, a veteran and former Decurio ( CIL 3, 10791 )

Theander, an Optio ( AE 1965, 251 ) Ti (berius) Claudius Attucius, a Missicius ( AE 1974, 475 )

See also

• List of Roman auxiliary units
• Roman forces in Pannonia

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Noricorum  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

• Margaret M. Roxan : Two Complete Diplomas of Pannonia Inferior: 19 May 135 and 7 Aug. 143. In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 127 (1999), pp. 249-273 ( PDF ).
• John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Individual evidence

1. ↑ inscriptions with equitata ( CIL 3, 10277 , CIL 3, 10279 )
2. ↑ Inscription with Antoniniana ( CIL 3, 10279 )
3. ↑ ^{a b} inscription with Gordiana ( CIL 3, 10277 )
4. ^ ^{A b} John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 275, 297-298
5. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, pp. 161, 163 Tables 5, 7 ( PDF ).
6. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 80 ( CIL 16, 26 ), 84 ( CIL 16, 30 ), 85 ( CIL 16, 31 ), 110 ( CIL 16, 164 ), 114 ( RMD 3, 153 ), 119 ( AE 2003, 2041 ), 126 ( AE 2010, 1861 ), 135 ( RMD 4, 251 ), 139 ( CIL 16, 175 ), 143 ( RMD 4, 266 ), 147 ( AE 2012, 1183 ), 148 ( CIL 16, 179 , CIL 16, 180 ), 152 ( AE 2009, 1826 ), 154 ( AE 2004, 1923 ), 157 ( RMD 2, 102 , RMD 2, 103 , AE 2009, 1079 ), 157/158 ( SpNov-2004-156 ), 162 ( ZPE-173-223 ), 167 ( CIL 16, 123 ) and 192 ( RMD 5, 446 , RMD 5, 447 )
7. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan , Two Complete Diplomas, pp. 261-262
8. ↑ Inscriptions from Lugio ( CIL 3, 3300 , CIL 3, 10279 )
9. ^ Bricks from Zwentendorf ( AE 1962, 214 )