Cohors I Ulpia Traiana Cugernorum

The Cohors I Ulpia Traiana Cugernorum [civium Romanorum] ( German 1st cohort the Ulpic the Trajanic of the Cugernians [the Roman citizens] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions. In a diploma from the year 103 AD, it is referred to as Cohors I Cugernorum .

Name components

Ulpia Traiana : the Ulpian the Trajanic. The honorary designation refers to Emperor Trajan , whose full name is Marcus Ulpius Traianus .

Cugernorum : the Cugernian . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Cugernians in the Roman province of Germania when the unit was established .

civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition occurs in the military diplomas from 122 to 124 and the inscription ( AE 1980, 603 ).

Since there is no evidence of the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a pure infantry cohort, a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata . The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Britannia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 103 to 124.

The unit was possibly set up after the suppression of the Batavian Rebellion and then probably came to Britain with Quintus Petillius Cerialis . The first evidence in Britannia is based on a diploma dated 103. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Britannia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 122 to 124, prove unity in the same province.

The soldiers of the unit were probably also used to build roads, as can be seen from the inscription (RIB 2313) on a Roman milestone , which is dated 140/144. The last evidence of the cohort is based on the inscription ( AE 1980, 603 ), which is dated to 213.

Locations

Cohort locations in Britannia may have been:

Brocolitia (Carrawburgh): The dedicatory inscription of Aurelius Campester was found in Brocolitia.
Pons Aelius ( Newcastle upon Tyne ): The inscription ( AE 1980, 603 ) was found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

Aur (Elius) Campester (RIB 1524)
[Λ] ουκιος Δομι [τιος] Προκλος, a επαρχος

M (arcus) Appuleius [], a prefect ( AE 2005, 678 )
[Po] ntius [A] ntoninus, a prefect ( AE 1974, 535 )

Web links

2282 - Cohors I Cugernorum. Roman Inscriptions of Britain (RIB), accessed September 22, 2018 .

Remarks

↑ According to John Spaul , the historian Roy Davies assumed that the cohort from the province of Britannia had been assigned to Trajan's Dacer wars . In Dacia, the unit distinguished itself on two occasions and was given the two names as an award by Trajan.

↑ Aurelius Campester did not indicate a rank in the inscription, but according to John Spaul he was likely either the Prefect or the senior centurion of the unit.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 233, 239-240 .
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 157 Table 1 ( PDF p. 159 ).
↑ Military diplomas from 103 ( CIL 16, 48 ), 122 ( AE 2008, 800 , CIL 16, 69 ) and 124 ( CIL 16, 70 ).

[NA-1] According to John Spaul , the historian Roy Davies assumed that the cohort from the province of Britannia had been assigned to Trajan's Dacer wars . In Dacia, the unit distinguished itself on two occasions and was given the two names as an award by Trajan.

[AN-5] Aurelius Campester did not indicate a rank in the inscription, but according to John Spaul he was likely either the Prefect or the senior centurion of the unit.

[jsp-2] A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 233, 239-240 .

[js-3] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 157 Table 1 ( PDF p. 159 ).

[MD-4] Military diplomas from 103 ( CIL 16, 48 ), 122 ( AE 2008, 800 , CIL 16, 69 ) and 124 ( CIL 16, 70 ).