Cohors I Vangionum

The altar of Lucius Aemilius Salvianus

The Cohors I Vangionum [milliaria] [equitata] ( German  1st cohort of Vangionen [1000 men] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

• Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .

• I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors prima ...

• Vangionum : the vangion . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Vangionen tribe in the Roman province of Germania superior when the unit was established .

• milliaria : 1000 men. Depending on whether it was an infantry cohort ( Cohors milliaria peditata ) or a mixed association of infantry and cavalry ( Cohors milliaria equitata ), the nominal strength of the unit was either 800 or 1040 men. The addition occurs in the military diplomas from 103 to 135, as well as in inscriptions. In the diploma of 135 and in the inscriptions, the sign is used instead of milliaria . ${\displaystyle \infty }$

• equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition occurs in inscriptions.

The unit was a Cohors milliaria equitata . The nominal strength of the unit was therefore 1040 men, consisting of 10 Centurien infantry with 80 men each and 8 tower cavalry with 30 riders each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Britannia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 103 to 178 AD.

The unit was possibly set up after the suppression of the Batavian Rebellion and then probably came to Britain with Quintus Petillius Cerialis . The first evidence in Britannia is based on a diploma dated 103. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Britannia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 122 to 178, prove unity in the same province. Since the cohort is not listed as Cohors milliaria on the diplomas from 158 to 178 , a vexillation of the unit may have been seconded to another province during this period.

The last evidence of the cohort is based on an inscription dated 213.

Locations

Cohort locations in Britannia may have been:

• Cilurnum ( Chesters ): an inscription was found here.
• Condercum ( Benwell ): two inscriptions were found here.
• Derventio ( Malton ): an inscription was found here.
• Habitancum (Risingham): numerous inscriptions have been found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

[] c (ius) Cassi [anus], a prefect ( RIB 1328 ) Aemilius Aemilianus , a tribune [A] moe [nus], a prefect ( AE 2015, 771 ) Fabius Honoratus , a tribune Gaius Iulius Publilius Pius , a tribune Gaius Valerius Longinus , a tribune Iulius Paullus , a tribune Iulius Severinus , a tribune

Iulius Victor , a tribune Lucius Aemilius Salvianus , a tribune Marcus Aurelius Castus , a tribune Marcus Messorius Diligens , a tribune Marcus Peregrinius Super , a tribune Suubr (ius) Apollinaris, a Princeps ( RIB 792 ) [Va] rron [ius] [F] au [s] tinu [s], a tribune ( RIB 1222 )

Others

• D (ecimus) Iulius Candidus ( RIB 1350 )

See also

• List of Roman auxiliary units
• Roman forces in Britannia

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Vangionum  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• 2262 - Cohors I Vangionum. Roman Inscriptions of Britain (RIB), accessed January 28, 2020 . 

literature

• John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Remarks

1. ↑ ^{a b} Normally a Cohors milliaria was commanded by a tribune, while a Cohors quingenaria was led by a prefect.
2. ↑ According to the RIB, Princeps is the name of a centurion or decurion who, as acting commander, temporarily took over command of the unit. In the inscription ( RIB 792 ) the name of the unit is abbreviated as CIV ; the cohort is therefore either the Cohors I Vardullorum or the Cohors I Vangionum . John Spaul assigns Apollinaris to the Cohors I Vangionum .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Inscriptions with milliaria ( AE 2015, 771 , RIB 1231 , RIB 1234 ).
2. ↑ inscriptions with equitata ( AE 2015, 771 , RIB 1231 , RIB 1234 ).
3. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 103 ( CIL 16, 48 ), 122 ( CIL 16, 69 ), 124 ( CIL 16, 70 ), 135 ( CIL 16, 82 ), 158 ( RMD 5, 420 ) and 178 ( AE 2004, 1902 , RMD 3, 184 , RMD 4, 293 , RMD 4, 294 , ZPE-156-254 , ZPE-162-229 ).
4. ^ ^{A b c} John Spaul , Cohors², SS 234, 249-251.
5. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 157 Table 1 ( PDF ).
6. ^ ^{A b} Paul A. Holder : A Roman Military Diploma from Ravenglass, Cumbria. In: Bulletin of the John Rylands Library. Volume 79, number 1 (1997), pp. 3–42, here pp. 18–19 ( PDF ).
7. ↑ Inscription ( RIB 1235 ).
8. ↑ Inscription from Cilurnum ( RIB 1482 ).
9. ↑ Inscriptions from Condercum ( RIB 1328 , RIB 1350 ).
10. ↑ inscription from Derventio ( AE 2015, 771 ).
11. ↑ Inscriptions from Habitancum ( RIB 1208 , RIB 1210 , RIB 1212 , RIB 1213 , RIB 1214 , RIB 1215 , RIB 1216 , RIB 1217 , RIB 1220 , RIB 1221 , RIB 1222 , RIB 1224 , RIB 1230 , RIB 1231 , RIB 1234 , RIB 1235 , RIB 1237 , RIB 1241 , RIB 1242 , RIB 2117 ).