Combera
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Combera is a genus of the nightshade family . The genus consists of only two species that occur in southern Patagonia . The scientific generic name honors the British botanist Harold Frederick Comber (1897–1969).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Combera species are small, upright, perennial, herbaceous plants whose stem axis runs partially underground. The parts above ground rarely reach more than 18 cm and are densely covered with leaves . The phellogen is pericyclic , the endodermis forms Casparian stripes , and both the pericyclic and the medulla are free of stone cells .
The leaves are stalked, sheathless and fleshy. A clear transition between leaf blade and petiole cannot be seen. The leaves are closely overlapping, are spatulate, elongated-spatulate, triangular-ovate or rhombic-ovate. They usually reach a length of 6 to 9.5 (rarely 3.8 to 11) mm and a width of 4 to 6 (rarely only 2) mm.
blossoms
The small flowers stand individually in the armpits or only rarely at the end, they are almost sessile, have a sweet smell and have a very short hypanthium (flower cup). Below the flower (at least in Combera paradoxa ) there are two small bracts . The calyx is 6 to 8 mm long, the five sepals are only slightly overgrown, so that five deeply incised, uneven, triangular or oblong-spatulate pointed calyx tips arise. The 8 to 14 mm diameter crown is radially symmetrical , funnel-shaped, whitish at the base and purple towards the 5 to 7 mm wide coronet.
The five stamens do not protrude beyond the crown, the stamens, which are fixed at a height in the lower half of the crown, are the same length and four to six times longer than the anthers . These are longer than wide and 0.75 to 1.4 mm long. The pollen grains have a diameter of about 25 µm and are trizonocolporoidat (with three apertures located at the pollen equator ). The nectaries are circular, the stigma is disc-shaped, indented or almost hemispherical and slightly lobed.
Fruits and seeds
The fruits are 3.2 to 3.5 mm long capsule fruits , each usually containing four or five (less often one to seven) seeds . These are kidney-shaped and indented, the surface is reticulated or pitted-reticulated.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22 for Combera paradoxa .
Occurrence and locations
The genus is endemic to southern Patagonia . The species Combera minima is only known from the type specimen that was found in the Cordillera de Ranco in Chile at an altitude of about 1800 m. Combera paradoxa grows in both parts of Argentina and Chile.
Systematics
The genus consists of only two species. The type species is Combera paradoxa .
- Combera minima sandw.
- Combera paradoxa Sandw.
literature
- Armando T. Hunziker: The Genera of Solanaceae . ARG Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, Liechtenstein 2001. ISBN 978-3904144773 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
- ↑ Combera paradoxa at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis