American hazel

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American hazel
fruit

fruit

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Beech-like (Fagales)
Family : Birch family (Betulaceae)
Subfamily : Hazelnut family (Coryloideae)
Genre : Hazelnuts ( corylus )
Type : American hazel
Scientific name
Corylus americana
Walter

The American hazel or American hazelnut ( Corylus americana ) is a large shrub from the birch family and is similar to the European common hazel ( Corylus avellana ). Their distribution area is in Canada and in the east of the USA.

description

leaves

The American hazel is a 3 meter, rarely up to 5 meter high shrub with light gray, smooth bark and glandular hairy young shoots. The winter buds are broadly ovate, 3 to 4 millimeters long and just as wide with a rounded tip. The leaves have a hairy stem that is 0.8 to 1.5 centimeters long. The leaf blade is 5 to 16 centimeters long and 4 to 12 centimeters wide, broadly ovate, short pointed with a heart-shaped or rounded base and an irregular, double-sawn leaf margin. The upper side of the leaf is slightly hairy, the underside softly. The male flowers are arranged in catkins 4 to 8 centimeters long and 0.5 to 0.8 centimeters in diameter. The nuts grow in groups of two to five. They are spherical, 1.5 centimeters thick and surrounded by an irregularly lobed, leaf-like shell that is twice as long and has grown together at the base.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Distribution and location

The distribution area extends from Ontario , Manitoba and Saskatchewan in Canada over the middle and the east to the southeast of the USA. There it grows in species-poor forests up to an altitude of 750 meters on moderately dry to fresh, weakly acidic to alkaline, nutrient-rich soils in sunny to partially shaded, cool-balanced locations. The species is frost hardy and compatible with urban climates, but avoids sandy and clayey soils.

Systematics

The Corylus Americana ( Corylus americana ) is a kind of the genus of hazel ( Corylus ) in the family of birch family (Betulaceae). It is the section Corylus , subsection Corylus assigned. It was first described by Thomas Walter in 1785 .

use

The American hazel is rarely used for forestry . It is used as an ornamental plant because of its fruits and also serves as a bee pasture. The nuts are smaller but of similar quality to the commercially cultivated varieties ( Corylus maxima and Corylus colurna ).

proof

literature

  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 222.
  • Steve Cafferty: Cosmos Atlas Trees of the World . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-440-10983-0 , p. 138 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ German name after Steve Cafferty: Kosmos-Atlas trees of the world
  2. ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora of the woods
  3. ↑ a b c Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 222
  4. ↑ a b c Corylus americana. In: Flora of North America Vol. 3. www.eFloras.org, accessed January 28, 2012 (English).
  5. ^ Corylus americana at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  6. ↑ Corylus americana. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed January 28, 2012 .

Web links

Commons : American hazel ( Corylus americana )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files