Ctenophryne

Ctenophryne
	Ctenophryne geayi
Systematics
without rank:	Amphibians (Lissamphibia)
Order :	Frog (anura)
Subordination :	Neobatrachia
Family :	Narrow-mouth frogs (Microhylidae)
Subfamily :	Gastrophryninae
Genre :	Ctenophryne
Scientific name
	Ctenophryne
	Mocquard , 1904

Ctenophryne is an amphibian genus of the family -mouthed .

description

The pupils are vertical. The tongue is large, edged at the back and freely liftable at the edge. Palatine teeth are missing. There are two transverse folds of the palate, the rearmost of which lies in front of the entrance to the throat and is comb-shaped. The eardrum is invisible. The fingers and toes are widened at the tips. At its distal end there are thickened bony terminal phalanges. The fingers are free and the toes are webbed . However, these do not intervene between the metatarses of the 4th and 5th toes. The precoracoid and the omosternum are absent. The sternum is a cartilage plate. The transverse processes of the sacral vertebra are moderately widened.

Occurrence

The genus occurs in Costa Rica , Panama , Colombia , Guiana and Amazonia .

Systematics

The genus Ctenophryne was first described by François Mocquard in 1904 . It includes 6 types:

Ctenophryne aequatorialis (Peracca, 1904). Endemic to the Andes of Ecuador
Ctenophryne aterrima (Günther, 1901). South and Central America from Costa Rica to Ecuador and Colombia
Ctenophryne barbatula (Lehr & Trueb, 2007). only the type specimen known (Andes of Peru).
Ctenophryne carpish (Lehr, Rodriguez & Córdova, 2002). Endemic to primary cloud forests of Peru , tadpoles in the water-filled leaf sheaths of bromeliads
Ctenophryne geayi Mocquard, 1904. widespread in the Amazonian lowlands in rainforests
Ctenophryne minor Zweifel & Myers, 1989. only the type specimen known (Colombia)

The former genera Nelsonophryne (substitute name for Glossostoma ) and Melanophryne were synonymous with Ctenophryne after a phylogenomic study showed that they belong together.

Individual evidence

^ Fritz Nieden: Anura II . In: FE Schulze, W. Kükenthal, K. Heider (Ed.): Das Tierreich . Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin and Leipzig 1926, p. 69.
↑ ^a ^b Darrel R. Frost: Ctenophryne Mocquard, 1904 . In: Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference . Version 6.0 (accessed March 1, 2014). ( online ).
↑ Edgar Lehr , Linda Trueb , Pablo J. Venegas, Ernesto Arbeláez (2007): Descriptions of the Tadpoles of Two Neotropical Microhylid Frogs, Melanophryne Carpish and Nelsonophryne Aequatorialis (Anura: Microhylidae). Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 41, No. 4: 581-589. doi : 10.1670 / 06-252.1
↑ Rafael O de Sá, Jeffrey W Streicher, Relebohile Sekonyela, Mauricio C Forlani, Simon P Loader, Eli Greenbaum, Stephen Richards, Célio FB Haddad (2012): Molecular phylogeny of microhylid frogs (Anura: Microhylidae) with emphasis on relationships among New World genera. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012, 12: 241 doi : 10.1186 / 1471-2148-12-241 (open access)

Web links

Commons : Ctenophryne - collection of images, videos and audio files

[Nieden-1] Fritz Nieden: Anura II . In: FE Schulze, W. Kükenthal, K. Heider (Ed.): Das Tierreich . Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin and Leipzig 1926, p. 69.

[ASW-2] Darrel R. Frost: Ctenophryne Mocquard, 1904 . In: Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference . Version 6.0 (accessed March 1, 2014). ( online ).

[Lehr-3] Edgar Lehr , Linda Trueb , Pablo J. Venegas, Ernesto Arbeláez (2007): Descriptions of the Tadpoles of Two Neotropical Microhylid Frogs, Melanophryne Carpish and Nelsonophryne Aequatorialis (Anura: Microhylidae). Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 41, No. 4: 581-589. doi : 10.1670 / 06-252.1

[Sa-4] Rafael O de Sá, Jeffrey W Streicher, Relebohile Sekonyela, Mauricio C Forlani, Simon P Loader, Eli Greenbaum, Stephen Richards, Célio FB Haddad (2012): Molecular phylogeny of microhylid frogs (Anura: Microhylidae) with emphasis on relationships among New World genera. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012, 12: 241 doi : 10.1186 / 1471-2148-12-241 (open access)