Culli

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Culli , also Culle , Kulyi , Ilinga or Linga was an indigenous language that was spoken in the Andes of northern Peru in the whole region of La Libertad , in the south of Cajamarca ( province of Cajabamba ) and in the north of Ancash ( province of Pallasca ) and beginning of the 20th century died out.

history

The most important cultural center of the Culli-speaking region at the time of the Conquista was Huamachuco , where the creator deity Ataguju and the thunder god Catequil were worshiped under the rule of the Inca . The language name Culli is first attested in 1638. The language is attested by a few small word lists, the longest of which was contributed by Bishop Baltasar Jaime Martínez Compañón at the end of the 18th century. In its earlier geographical area of ​​distribution, the Culli is occupied by numerous mostly two-part place names. In addition, regionally borrowed words and phrases from Spanish and Cajamarca-Quechua , which are still in use in the region, provide further information about the language.

vocabulary

Similar to the Quechua and Aymara , the Culli possibly had a 3-vowel system, with o and e as allophones of u and i probably occurring next to a voiceless uvular plosive , which could have been represented by the Martínez Compañón with a "č". A number of compounds are known through place names, among other things . As in other Andean languages ​​(and also in German) the determinatum is behind the determinans . The Czechoslovak linguist Čestmír Loukotka drew mainly from the vocabulary of Martínez Compañón:

A 43-word vocabulary by Baltasar Jaime Martínez Compañón is the most important source for the traditional vocabulary of the Culli.
  • ahhi - woman
  • coñ - water
  • čollapù - Tog
  • challua - fish (probably from Quechua challwa )
  • chu - head
  • chuko - earth, ground
  • chukuáll - heart
  • gorán - river
  • kankiù - to laugh
  • keda - lake
  • kinù - father
  • koñ, goñ - water
  • kumú - drink
  • mú - fire
  • múñ - moon
  • tay - mountain
  • urú - tree
  • usú - man

classification

According to previous knowledge, Culli has no close relationship with any living or other adequately documented language.

literature

  • Willem FH Adelaar (2004): The Languages ​​of the Andes . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 401-405. ISBN 0-521-36275-X .
  • Čestmír Loukotka (1968). Classification of South American Indian Languages . UCLA Latin American Center, Los Angeles, pp. 63-65.
  • Willem FH Adelaar (1989): En pos de la lengua culle . In: R. Cerrón-Palomino, G. Solís Fonseca (eds.): Temas de lingüística amerindia. Primer Congreso Nacional de Investigaciones Lingüístico-Filológicas, pp. 83-105. CONCYTEC, Lima.
  • Baltasar Jaime Martínez Compañón (1782–1790): Plan that contiene 43 vozes Castellanas traducidas a las ocho lenguas que hablan los Indios de la Costa, Sierras, y Montañas del Obispado de Trujillo del Perú . In: Trujillo del Perú en el siglo XVIII , vol. I-II. Ediciones Cultura Hispánica, Madrid 1920–1921.
  • Paul Rivet (1949): Les langues de l'ancien diocèse de Trujillo . JSAP 38, pp. 1-51.
  • F. Silva Santisteban (1982): La lengua culle de Cajamarca y Huamachuco . Cantuta 9, pp. 138-148. Universidad Nacional de Educación, Lima.
  • Gustavo Solís Fonseca (1986): La lengua culli revisitada . Ponencia al Séptimo Congreso Peruano del Hombre y la Cultura Andina. Universidad Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz.
  • Alfredo Torero (1986): Deslindes lingüísticos en la costa norte peruana . Revista Andina 4/2: 523-545. Cusco.
  • Manuel Flores Reyna (1996): Tras las huellas de una lengua perdida. La lengua culle de la sierra norte del Perú . First Encounter of Peruvianists (Universidad de Lima, September 1996).
  • Manuel Flores Reyna (2000): Recopilación léxica preliminar de la lengua culle . Tipshe 1, pp. 173-197.
  • Manuel Flores Reyna (2001): Estudio comparativo del léxico culle en el castellano de las provincias Santiago de Chuco (La Libertad) y Pallasca (Ancash) . Verbum 2, pp. 27-41.
  • Rodolfo Cerrón Palomino (2005): La supervivencia de un sufijo culli en el castellano regional peruano . In: Filología y Lingüística. Estudios ofrecidos a Antonio Quilis. Vol. 1. SCIC Press, Madrid 2005. pp. 963-976.

Individual evidence

  1. Willem Adelaar (2004), p. 401.
  2. a b Willem Adelaar (2004), pp. 402-404.
  3. Čestmír Loukotka (1968), pp. 63-65.