Raetorum Curia

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The vicus Curia Raetorum under the protective structures Welschdörfli has been archaeologically developed.

Curia Raetorum is a Roman settlement ( vicus ) in the center of the city of Chur in the canton of Graubünden ( Switzerland ).

Roman pottery in the Raetorum Curia

history

The origin of the settlement is in pre-Roman times, it was located at the site of today's Welschdörfli on the left bank of the Plessur . The name Curia can be a Latin form of the Celtic kora , korje for tribe or clan. After the Raetians around 15 BC By the two step-sons of the emperor Augustus (27 BC-14 AD), Drusus and Tiberius , were forcibly incorporated into the Roman Empire as the Roman province of Raetia , they were romanized in the course of Roman rule .

A military station was built in the settlement to secure the Graubünden Alpine passes ( Splügenpass and Septimerpass ). Curia was an intersection of the Roman road between Vindonissa ( Windisch ), Turicum ( Zurich ), Centum Prata ( Kempraten ) on the Alpine route between Lake Walen - Lake Zurich and the Rhine . A fort ( Curia Raetorum ) was built around 300 AD .

In the course of the Diocletian reforms of the Empire , the two provinces Raetia prima ( Curiensis ) and Raetia secunda ( Vindelica ) were created through the division of the province of Raetia . Raetorum Curia assumed the role of the capital of Raetia Prima after AD 310 . In late antiquity , i.e. H. from the 4th century AD Curia Raetorum was the seat of a bishop first mentioned in 452 ( Asinio ).

Archaeological development

The Roman structures are preserved today under the protective structures Welschdörfli .

literature

• Anne Hochuli-Gysel, Anita Siegfried-Weiss, Eeva Ruoff, Verena Schaltbrand: Chur in Roman times. Volume 1: Excavations of the Dosch area (= Antiqua. Volume 12). Verlag Swiss Society for Prehistory and Early History, Basel 1986, ISBN 3-908006-04-X .
• Anne Hochuli-Gysel, Anita Siegfried-Weiss, Eeva Ruoff, Verena Schaltbrand Obrecht: Chur in Roman times. Volume 2: A. Excavations of the Markthallenplatz area. B. Historical overview. (= Antiqua. Volume 19). Verlag Swiss Society for Prehistory and Early History, Basel 1991, ISBN 3-908006-11-2 .
• Jürg Rageth: Chur-Welschdörfli, Ackermann protective structure (= Archaeological Guide of Switzerland. Volume 29). Chur 1998.

Coordinates: 46 ° 50 '46.5 "  N , 9 ° 31' 35.9"  E ; CH1903:  seven hundred fifty-nine thousand two hundred forty-two  /  190464