Cyril of Jerusalem
Saint Cyril of Jerusalem , also Cyrill (* 313 probably in Jerusalem or the surrounding area, † March 18, 386 in Jerusalem) is a Church Father of Orthodoxy and a Doctor of the Catholic Church .
Life
As the son of Christian parents, according to Jerome , Cyril was ordained a priest by Saint Makarios I , his predecessor in the episcopal ministry, and enjoyed a high reputation as a preacher and speaker in Jerusalem, which is why he was appointed Patriarch of Jerusalem in 350 after the death of Makarios . He was involved in the hard disputes between the orthodox old church and Arianism . Bishop Akakios of Caesarea Maritima accused him, apparently because of a question of rank which had not been clarified at the Council of Nicea, of the illicit sale of church goods in order to support the faithful, so that he spent 16 years in exile.
Cyril is the Bishop of Jerusalem, whose work as liturgist and preacher Egeria describes in her travelogue.
Works
We have received 24 catecheses - lectures for the Christian teaching of baptismal candidates - from his pen. His main theme is the Creed, the content of which he goes into in detail. The descriptions and theological interpretations of baptism in these mystagogical catechesis are invaluable . His definition of the “Catholic” of the church was theologically formative and widely quoted:
“The church is called Catholic because it is spread over the whole world, from one end to the other, because it teaches generally and without ceasing all that which man is about the visible and the invisible, the heavenly and the earthly [p . 352], because it leads the whole human race, rulers and subjects, educated and uneducated, to worship, because in general it treats and heals every kind of sins that are committed with the soul and the body, finally because they are in themselves every kind of virtue there is, whether it is manifested in works or words or in any gifts of grace. "
Remembrance day
- Catholic: March 18 ( non-mandatory day of remembrance in the general Roman calendar ) In
1883 he was appointed by Pope Leo XIII. elevated to the position of Doctor of the Church . - Orthodox: March 18
In the Orthodox Church he is venerated as the Church Father . - Evangelical: March 18 (memorial day in the Evangelical calendar of names of the Evangelical Church in Germany )
- Anglican: March 18
literature
- Peter Van Nuffelen : The Career of Cyril of Jerusalem (c. 348-87): A Reassessment . In: Journal of Theological Studies NS 48, 2007, pp. 134–146.
- Hermann Josef Vogt: Kyrillos, Bishop of Jerusalem (approx. 350–387) . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 5, Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1991, ISBN 3-7608-8905-0 , Sp. 1600.
- Bernd Kettern: Kyrillos of Jerusalem. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 4, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-038-7 , Sp. 888-895.
- Cyrillus, p. (8) . In: Johann E. Stadler , Franz Joseph Heim, Johann N. Ginal (eds.): Complete Lexicon of Saints ... , Volume 1 (A – D), B. Schmid'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Augsburg 1858, p. 712 -713 .
- John Chapman: St. Cyril of Jerusalem . In: Catholic Encyclopedia , Volume 4, Robert Appleton Company, New York 1908.
Web links
- Cyril of Jerusalem in the Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints
- Texts by Kyrill in the "Library of the Church Fathers" (German)
- Texts by Kyrill (English)
- Complete works by Migne Patrologia Graeca with table of contents
Individual evidence
- ↑ Adalbert Hamman: The Church Fathers - A Small Introduction to Life and Work , Herder Library Volume 268, Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1967, p. 83.
- ↑ Cyril of Jerusalem: Catechesis to the baptized . 18. Catechesis, paragraph 23. In: The catecheses of St. Cyril, Bishop of Jerusalem . Translated from the Greek and provided with an introduction by Philipp Haeuser . (= [ [Library of the Church Fathers]] , 1st row, vol. 41). Kösel, Kempten 1922, pp. 351f.
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Herakleios |
Patriarch of Jerusalem 351–386 |
John II |
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Cyril of Jerusalem |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Cyril of Jerusalem; Cyril of Jerusalem |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Father of the Orthodox Church and Doctor of the Church |
DATE OF BIRTH | 313 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | uncertain: near Jerusalem |
DATE OF DEATH | March 18, 386 |
Place of death | Jerusalem |