Philipp Haeuser

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Philipp Haeuser (born April 23, 1876 in Kempten (Allgäu) , † February 25, 1960 in Augsburg ) was a Roman Catholic pastor and supporter of National Socialism .

Life

Until 1897 Haeuser attended the Carl-von-Linde-Gymnasium Kempten , since 1897 the seminary Georgianum in Munich. He was ordained a priest on July 20, 1899. From September 1st, 1900 to December 31st, 1909 he was prefect of studies at the study seminar in Neuburg an der Donau . In parallel to his church activities, he conducted research on early Christian literature during this time, and on July 7, 1911, he received his doctorate in theology at the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg . In his dissertation, Haeuser dealt with the Barnabas letter. As a result, Haeuser published further theological works in which anti-Semitic tendencies were repeatedly shown. From 1928 he took over the translation of the church history Eusebius of Caesareas , which appeared in print in 1932. Haeuser's translation is still the basis of the authoritative edition today.

At the same time, Haeuser was politically active on the part of the right-wing conservative and German-national spectrum. In 1921 he published the brochure We German Catholics and the Modern Revolutionary Movement or Los from Opportunism and Back to Loyalty to Principles (Regensburg, Manz-Verlag), in which he sought to combine political Catholicism with anti-Semitic and right-wing national ideas. Even during the years of his scientific activity, Haeuser felt increasingly drawn to National Socialism and Adolf Hitler . Since 1931 Haeuser wrote regularly for the NS country post under the pseudonym "Siegfried". His National Socialist and increasingly anti-Catholic attitude, however, brought him more and more into conflict with the church leadership. Especially Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber criticized Haeuser, banned him from speaking and tried several times to excommunicate him. However, Haeuser's college friend, who later became Auxiliary Bishop Franz Xaver Eberle , knew how to prevent this. Joseph Kumpfmüller gave Haeuser a ban on speaking in National Socialist meetings. In the Catholic press, Kumpfmüller's decision was justified with the following words: “The Bishop of Augsburg has given Dr. Haeuser ... primarily forbidden to appear in National Socialist assemblies because today, after National Socialism has been recognized throughout Germany as an element of disorder, violence and an enemy of Catholic interests, it is simply a scandal if a Catholic incumbent pastor publicly confesses to swastikaism. The bishop of the gentleman in question cannot allow such a nuisance without neglecting his duty as a bishop. ”Haeuser, still a staunch National Socialist, tried to become a member of the NSDAP after the seizure of power and therefore sought contact with Rudolf Hess . However, he advised him to hold back for the time being out of consideration for the Catholic church leadership. Instead of joining the party, Haeuser was invited as a guest of honor to the Nuremberg Nazi Party Congress in 1939, where Hitler personally presented him with the “Memorial Sign in Silver”.

During the time of National Socialism , Haeuser published other writings which, for example, reinterpreted Christian motifs in a National Socialist way, for example in The Fighter Jesus. For searching and struggling German people (under the pseudonym P. Willibald; Schöberl-Verlag, Stuttgart 1937), where he perverted the role of Jesus by depicting him not as a pacifist, as a lamb, but as a national fighter.

After the end of the war, Haeuser's writings became Jud and Christ or to whom is world domination due? (Verlagsanstalt vorm. GJ Manz, Regensburg 1923) and fighting spirit against Phariseeism ( Franz-Eher-Verlag , Munich 1931) placed on the list of literature to be segregated in the Soviet occupation zone .

literature

  • Stefan Gerber:  Haeuser, Philipp. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 34, Bautz, Nordhausen 2013, ISBN 978-3-88309-766-4 , Sp. 477-485.
  • Stefan Gerber: From Barnabas Letter to the “Myth of the 20th Century”. Philipp Haeuser (1876-1960) . In: Markus Raasch, Tobias Hirschmüller (Eds.): From Freedom, Solidarity and Subsidiarity - State and Society of Modernity in Theory and Practice. Festschrift for Karsten Ruppert on his 65th birthday . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2013, pp. 427-448.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ In the BBKL, 1877 is given as the year of birth due to a printing error, cf. Stefan Gerber:  Haeuser, Philipp. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 34, Bautz, Nordhausen 2013, ISBN 978-3-88309-766-4 .
  2. ^ A derailment, in: Badischer Beobachter, February 1, 1931, p. 4.
  3. ^ A derailment, in: Badischer Beobachter, February 1, 1931, p. 4.
  4. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1946-nslit-h.html
  5. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1948-nslit-h.html
personal data
SURNAME Haeuser, Philipp
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Roman Catholic pastor and supporter of National Socialism
DATE OF BIRTH April 23, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Kempten (Allgäu)
DATE OF DEATH February 25, 1960
Place of death augsburg