DP camp Feldafing
The Feldafing DP camp was a reception camp for the accommodation of so-called Displaced Persons (DP) in Feldafing ( Starnberg district ) after the end of the Second World War .
The warehouse
The camp consisted of former barracks of the Hitler Youth -Sommerlager, from the US Army commandeered private homes as well as the former reichsschule feldafing and related barracks of the subcamp of the Dachau concentration camp .
history
After the Second World War, Feldafing belonged to the American zone of occupation . The American military administration set up on 1 May 1945 in Feldafing a DP camp one to house survivors of the Nazi concentration camps . As part of the liberation of the Dachau concentration camp and after the evacuation of other concentration camps in southern Germany, the first residents were liberated by the US Army on a death march . The majority of them came from Hungary and Poland .
Over time, more and more Jewish survivors of the Holocaust came to Feldafing, so that in July 1945 the camp was declared the first Jewish Displaced Person Center . The non-Jewish DPs were distributed to other DP camps.
The sports clubs Makabi Feldafing and Hapoel Feldafing as well as the camp newspapers Dos Fraje Wort , Dos Yiddische Wort and Unterwegs were launched.
The camp was visited several times by high-ranking representatives of the Allies, such as General Eisenhower and representatives of Jewish organizations, such as David Ben Gurion . From November 1945, after the Harrison Report was published , an international aid organization, the UNRRA (from 1947 IRO ) took over the administration of all DP camps in the American zone of occupation. The Feldafing camp was then largely self-administered by a local council. As payment in 1951 were own until May 31 banknotes of the JDC used the Feldafinger dollars. One of its own camp courts dealt with research into the background to the Kielce pogrom . The camp also included a kindergarten, an elementary school, a vocational school, a library with a remarkable collection of religious books, a theater, a synagogue , a cheder , a kosher kitchen, a yeshiva , a mikveh , a camp police and its own hospital, which was founded in autumn 1945 1000 beds provided by JDC . There is also a Jewish cemetery with 112 graves next to the Christian cemetery.
In December 1951 the camp came under German administration and was declared a government camp for homeless foreigners . At that time there were still 1,585 DPs in the camp. The Feldafing camp was closed in March 1953.
Residents
Resident development
| month | Residents |
|---|---|
| November 1945 | 3500 |
| January 1946 | 3700 |
| May 1946 | 3821 |
| August 1946 | 4200 |
| December 1946 | 4014 |
| February 1947 | 3964 |
| July 1947 | 3877 |
| September 1947 | 4034 |
| January 1948 | 3847 |
| October 1948 | 2887 |
| December 1948 | 2594 |
| February 1951 | 1855 |
At times up to 6,000 people were accommodated at the same time.
Known residents
The author Lily Brett was born on September 5, 1946 in the DP camp.
The Australian entrepreneur Manny Stu was born in 1949 in the DP camp. In 2016 he became World Entrepreneur Of The Year .
Web links
- DP Camp Feldafing , at United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Fraye vorṭ (Feldafing, Germany) Digitized magazine in the library of the Leo Baeck Institute
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Feldafing - Jewish DP camp . In: after-the-shoah.org . August 14, 2013, accessed on August 18, 2016 (German / English).
- ↑ Eberhard Köstler, Ursula Neudorfer: Geschichte ( Memento of the original from 23 August 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: feldafing.de . Retrieved August 18, 2016.
- ↑ United States Holocaust Memorial Museum : Feldafing . In: Holocaust Encyclopedia. July 2, 2016, accessed August 18, 2016 (English / Spanish).
- ↑ a b The Jewish cemetery in Feldafing (formerly DP camp) (Starnberg district) . In: alemannia-judaica.de . January 21, 2016, accessed August 18, 2016.
- ↑ Andy Bounds: Manny Stul named as EY World Entrepreneur of the Year. In: Financial Times . June 11, 2016, accessed August 27, 2016 .
Coordinates: 47 ° 56 ′ 9 ″ N , 11 ° 17 ′ 35 ″ E