Dalmatian insect flower

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dalmatian insect flower
Dalmatian insect flower (Tanacetum cinerariifolium), illustration

Dalmatian insect flower ( Tanacetum cinerariifolium ), illustration

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Tribe : Anthemideae
Genre : Wild flowers ( Tanacetum )
Type : Dalmatian insect flower
Scientific name
Tanacetum cinerariifolium
( Trevir. ) Sch.Bip.

The Dalmatian insect flower ( Tanacetum cinerariifolium ), also called insect powder plant, is a species of the plant genus wild flowers ( Tanacetum ). With its white and yellow heads, it resembles the daisy . However, their leaves are usually basal, pinnate and gray-tomentose. They give off a strongly aromatic scent.

features

The Dalmatian insect flower is a perennial plant with a woody rhizome . The stems are almost unbranched, up to 45 cm high, have few leaves and are closely covered with silver-gray hairs. The leaves stand on petioles up to 15 cm long, are closely covered with silver-gray hairs on both sides, like the stems, and more rarely bald on the upper side. The blade is oval or elongated, usually shorter than the petiole. The leaves are triple pinnately divided into linear-elongated, 0.75 to 2 mm wide sections. The upper leaves are smaller, almost sessile and only weakly dissected.

The heads have ray-flowers and are usually single and terminal. The involucre is usually bell-shaped, has a variable diameter, the bracts are hairy gray, leathery to herbaceous. The outer ones are lanceolate, 3.5 to 5 mm long, pointed, the inner ones are whitish, frequent at the edge. The 12 to 15 ray-flowers have a 7 to 15 x 3 to 5 mm large, somewhat furrowed, three-lobed tongue. The tubular flowers have a 3 to 5 mm long, five-lobed, yellow crown. Flowering time is June to September.

Fruits and seeds
Dalmatian insect flower ( Tanacetum cinerariifolium )

The achenes are elongated, 2.75 to 3.5 mm long, have five ribs and are covered with fine glands. The pappus is crown-shaped, 0.5 to 1 mm long and finely toothed.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18 or 36.

distribution

The species is native to Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Albania. In many other countries it is cultivated and also wilds there. It is a neophyte in Eastern Europe, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, France, Russia, Ukraine and Cyprus.

ingredients

In the secretions of the glandular hairs, which are located in the flower head, as well as in the secretions of the oil ducts of the ovary and the petals, there are two pyrethrins and two cinerins, from which insecticides can be made.

use

The species is grown among others to produce the insecticide pyrethrum . The dried flower heads, which contain around 1.3–2 percent pyrethrin, are used for this. The cultivation takes place mainly in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, China, Australia and the USA. It is also grown in Africa.

Systematics

The species was previously classified into different genera. The first description was as Pyrethrum cinerariifolium by Ludolph Christian Treviranus , later it was also called Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Vis. guided.

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. a b c EuroMed PlantBase , accessed on June 26, 2008.
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  940 .
  3. ^ A b Tanacetum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved February 16, 2018.
  4. Michael Pankratius Lexicon Renewable Raw Materials, accessed on April 30, 2010.
  5. Michael Pankratius Lexicon Renewable Raw Materials, accessed on April 30, 2010.
  6. Species description in the Flora of Pakistan, Volume 207, p. 58.
  7. ^ HM Burkill: The useful plants of west tropical Africa. Volume 1, 1985

Web links

Commons : Dalmatian insect flower ( Tanacetum cinerariifolium )  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files