Daniel Vorländer

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Daniel Vorländer (born June 11, 1867 in Eupen , † June 8, 1941 in Halle ) was a German chemist .

life and work

Daniel Vorländer, son of the Eupen dye works owner Hermann Vorländer and Sophia Hansemann, daughter of the politician David Hansemann , studied natural sciences, especially chemistry at the Universities of Kiel, Munich and Berlin and completed his dissertation with Tiemann at the University of Halle until 1890 . In 1887/88 he did military service as a one-year volunteer . In 1891 Vorländer took on an assistant position at the Chemical Institute of the University of Halle, where he completed his habilitation in 1896 . As early as 1897 he became head of department of the Chemical Institute there, in 1902 he was appointed associate professor, in 1908 he was appointed full professor and director of the Chemical Institute of the University of Halle. In 1905 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . In 1908 he received the Cothenius Medal of the Leopoldina. During the First World War he did military service as a captain in the artillery, later as a staff officer for the gas war , first at the Army High Command in Galicia and then in France (awarded the Iron Cross II class and the Austrian Military Merit Cross III class with war decorations). Vorländer retired in 1935 . In 1939 he took over the management of a military business in Radeburg / Saxony.

Vorländer worked on crystalline liquids, a group of substances that is known today as liquid crystals and has found technical diffusion (LCD, liquid crystal display ). He put forward the hypothesis that an elongated molecular structure was a basic requirement for the formation of liquid-crystalline phases . He also recognized in 1914 that there must be a connection between the reflection colors , the strong optical rotation and the optical activity of the molecules.

Fonts

  • with Hans Hauswaldt : Axis images of liquid crystals . In: Treatises of the Imperial Leopoldine-Carolingian German Academy of Natural Scientists, 90, Halle 1909, 19 plates, pp. 105–120 digitized

literature

  • Henrik Eberle: The Martin Luther University in the time of National Socialism. Mdv, Halle 2002, ISBN 3-89812-150-X , p. 445
  • Frank Kuschel: Mühlpforte No. 1 and physical chemistry at the University of Halle. The story of a university refuge. Diepholz / Berlin: GNT-Verlag 2017, pp. 33–44. ISBN 978-3-86225-108-7 . Website .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Birth certificate, quoted in the family book Euregio .
  2. ^ Louis Fieser, Mary Fieser: Organische Chemie , Verlag Chemie Weinheim, 2nd edition, 1972, p. 568, ISBN 3-527-25075-1 .
  3. ^ Member entry by Daniel Vorländer at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 18, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Vorländer, Daniel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH June 11, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Eupen
DATE OF DEATH June 8, 1941
Place of death Hall