Darcyanthus spruceanus
| Darcyanthus spruceanus | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Darcyanthus | ||||||||||||
| Hunz. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Darcyanthus spruceanus | ||||||||||||
| (Hunz.) Hunz. |
Darcyanthus spruceanus is a species of plant inthe nightshade family (Solanaceae). It is the only species in the genus Darcyanthus .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Darcyanthus spruceanus is an upright, highly branched, sticky, herbaceous plant that reaches a height of 0.5 to 1.5 m. The hairiness of the plants is striking: the young shoots, leaves, flower stalks and calyxes are hairy with multicellular trichomes , the majority of which are glandular and have long stalks. They have a pink, single or multicellular head.
The leaves have an ovate or elongated ovate leaf blade. Two sizes of leaves are formed: the smaller ones are 2.8 to 3.9 × 1.5 to 2.4 cm long, the larger 6 to 8 (rarely up to 14) × 2.9 to 4.8 (rarely up to 9.5) cm. The leaf stalks are 0.5 to 0.8 cm long.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescences consist of clusters of seven to ten flowers , which are on thin, upright or curved flower stalks from 5 to 9 (rarely up to 55) mm in length. The calyx is about 2 mm long, five-toothed. The calyx teeth are triangular, slightly different in size and slightly wider than long, shorter than the calyx tube. The white, wheel-shaped or wheel-shaped cup-shaped crown with purple or yellow dots is only about 5 mm long and about 10 mm in diameter during the flowering period. It consists of a very short, five-angled tube; the coronet lacks the trichome ring on the inside.
The approximately 1.3 mm long anthers are attached to the base or the back of the base on the somewhat longer and hairless stamens . The theka of the anthers are free from each other in the lower 1/3 to 1/4, the connective tissue is clearly pronounced. About 1 mm long, lateral growths of the stamens are fused with the crown.
The ovary is somewhat elongated, about 1 mm long. The scar is disc-shaped, head-shaped, indented, bilobed. The stylus is inverted awl-shaped.
Fruits and seeds
The fruits are spherical, slightly indented berries that ripen upright or drooping and have a diameter of 4 to 5 mm. They are enclosed by a tightly fitting, expanding, thin calyx. The pericarp is scarlet or orange, thin, not fleshy and provided with stone cells . 80 to 100 seeds only 0.75 mm in size are formed per fruit. The embryo is curved into a circle, the cotyledons are shorter than the rest of the embryo. The endosperm is not scarce.
Occurrence
The only species of the genus grows in the rainforests of Peru and Bolivia at an altitude between 150 and 1100 m.
Botanical history
The first description of the species as Physalis spruceana was published in 1961 by Armando Hunziker . In 2000, however, he moved the species to a monotypical genus, which he named in honor of the biologist William D'Arcy Darcya , who died the year before , and the species should accordingly be called Darcya spruceana . Under the name Darcya but already a genus was from the family of Figworts been described (Scrophulariaceae) so that Hunziker shortly thereafter new name - the genre Darcyanthus with the way Darcyanthus spruceanus - suggested. However, this publication of the new names was not valid due to a formal error in accordance with the rules of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature : Hunziker did not refer to the exact page number of the publication of the false name Darcya , but to a page area. To remedy this error, the names Darcyanthus and Darcyanthus spruceanus were published again, this time formally correct, by Neil A. Harriman.
proof
Individual evidence
- ^ Neil A. Harriman: Validation of the Genus Name Darcyanthus and Its Sole Species, Darcyanthus spruceanus (Solanaceae) . In: Novon , Volume 21, April 2011. pp. 47-48. doi : 10.3417 / 2009094
literature
- Armando T. Hunziker: The Genera of Solanaceae . ARG Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, Liechtenstein 2001. ISBN 3-904144-77-4 .