Dassault Ouragan
| Dassault MD.450 Ouragan | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Type: | Fighter bomber |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
February 28, 1949 |
| Commissioning: |
December 1951 |
| Number of pieces: |
350 |
The Dassault Ouragan MD.450 ( French for Hurricane ) of Dassault Aviation was the first in France produced fighter aircraft with jet engine . The first flight of the single - engine low- wing aircraft was in 1949.
History and Development
On February 28, 1949, the first privately developed prototype of the Ouragan flew . This first machine had no armament, but already had a pressure equalization in the cockpit and wing tip tanks. Three prototypes and twelve pre-series machines were built. The first 150 series aircraft were then ordered, and this order was soon increased to 350. The first production model flew on December 5, 1951; delivery to the Armée de l'air began in 1952. Three squadrons were equipped with the Ouragan, as early as May 1955 they were by the MD 452 Mystere IV A replaced. However, the last Ouragan were not retired until six years later, after being used as advanced trainers in pilot training.
The Ouragan was sold in 1953 in a number of 71 machines as the first French post-war export as "Toofani" to India , where it was used in the wars against Pakistan . Another buyer was Israel , which bought a total of 71 Ouragans, 24 new and 51 used machines from the Armée de l'Air. These aircraft were used in ground combat both in the Suez Crisis and in the Six Day War. Between 1974 and 1978 Israel sold 18 Ouragans to El Salvador . These were used in the local civil war.
construction
The MD450 Ouragan was a single-seat fighter aircraft in half-shell design with low-set wings . A Rolls-Royce Nene Mk 104B jet engine with 2270 kp of thrust, manufactured under license from Hispano-Suiza , served as propulsion . The air inlet was arranged centrally, the tail unit with horizontal stabilizers set at half height was slightly swept. The wings were only slightly swept, so the machine was not suitable for supersonic.
variants
- MD450R : the only copy of a reconnaissance variant .
- MD450-30L : the only example with a SNECMA Atar 101B jet engine , side air inlet and two 30 mm DEFA cannons.
Military use
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El Salvador : 18 used from Israel -
France
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India
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Israel : 71
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| crew | 1 |
| length | 10.74 m |
| span | 13.2 m (m wing tip tanks) |
| height | 4.15 m |
| Wing area | 23.80 m² |
| Empty mass | 4150 kg |
| Max. Takeoff mass | 7600 kg |
| Top speed | 940 km / h |
| Service ceiling | 15,000 m |
| Range | 1000 km |
| Use radius | 450 km (without external loads) |
| Engines | 1 × Rolls-Royce Nene Mk 104B with 2270 kp thrust |
| Armament | four 20 mm Hispano cannons and wing stations for two 454 kg bombs or 16 105 mm missiles or eight missiles and two napalm canisters |
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ NZZ Technik: The French Aircraft Industry, NZZ, noon edition September 5, 1962, sheet 3, page C9