David Pinski

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David Pinski (around 1900)

David Pinski (seldom also: David Pinsky ; pseudonym as non-fiction author at times: D. Puls ; born April 5, 1872 in Mogilew ; † August 11, 1959 in Haifa ) was a Yiddish narrator, playwright and journalist who took on particularly social issues and elevated the type of the Jewish worker to a literary rank. In the first decades after 1900 he was one of the most played modern authors in Russia and America .

Life

David Pinski lived in Moscow , Warsaw , Berlin and Switzerland . From 1894 he began to work intensively in Yiddish literature and was, among other things, the main collaborator of Jom Tow Bletlech of Jizchok Leib Perez .

In December 1899, after being appointed to the position of responsible fiction worker for the Arbeiterzeitung, he moved to the USA, lived and worked in New York City .

He was a journalist (including Ovend Blatt , Die Arbeiterzeitung , Der Tog in New York), playwright and narrator, active in the Jewish labor movement (1913 in New York co-founder of the Farband Labor Zionist Order ) and lived in Israel since 1949 , where he continued to be Yiddish Wrote pieces that hardly found a Yiddish-speaking audience.

Trivia

Artur Landsberger included two contributions by David Pinski in the German anthology Das Ghettobuch. The Most Beautiful Stories from the Ghetto (1914) and in his novel Berlin without Jews (1925) had a main character adopt the code name David Pinski .

Works and creations (selection)

Dramas, short stories, literary history

  • Eisik Scheftel , 1899
  • The mother , 1901
  • The Zwi family. Tragedy of the Last and Only Jew , 1903 (drama)
  • Der Oizer ["The Treasure"], 1906 (tragic comedy in four acts)
  • Yankel der Schmid , 1906
  • The eibiger Jid or The Stranger , 1906 (one-act drama)
  • Gabriella and the Women , 1908
  • Dos Yiddish drama. Ein iberblik iber ir development , New York 1909 (literary history work)
  • The Silent Meschiach , 1911
  • Everyone with san god , 1912
  • Duvd Hamelech un sane Waber , 1912
  • The mountaineers , 1912
  • With winning flags , 1916
  • Berg Steiner , 1918
  • Forgotten happiness , 1918
  • The Krimme Wegen fun love , 1918
  • Arnold Levenberg , 1919
  • The last Sach hakl , 1923
  • The House of Noah Edon , 1929 ( short story; the Yiddish original did not appear until 1939)

Solomon's women

Pinski's fictional large-scale literary project on the women of Solomon deserves a separate mention . He had planned to portray all "a thousand women of Solomon". He worked on this cycle from 1921 to 1936. During this period he completed 105 stories on this subject.

Editorships (selection)

  • Der Arbeiter , 1904–1911 (socialist weekly, together with the journalist Jos. Schlossberg)
  • Die Yiddische Wochenschrift , 1912 (short-lived literary-socialist magazine, also together with Schlossberg)

Other activities as an editor (selection)

  • The Jewish fighter , since 1916 ( poalezionist literary body of high standing )
  • Die Zeit , September 1920 to April 1922 (daily newspaper, as editor-in-chief)

Work editions

  • Complete Edition of the Dramas, New York 1918–1920 (5 volumes)
  • Oysgeklibene Shriftn , Buenos Aires 1969

Literature / sources

  • Ba'al Machschowes (ie Isidor Eljaschoff): Writings. Vol. I, Vilnius 1910.
  • Samuel Niger : Wegn Yidish scrapers. Vilna 1912.
  • Salman Reisen : Lekßikon fun der Yidischer literature un press. Warsaw 1914.
  • Future , June – July 1922.
  • Salomon Wininger : Great Jewish National Biography. Vol. V, Orient Printing House, Chernivtsi 1931.
  • Literary papers , December 25, 1925.
  • Keneder Adler , April 15, 1926.
  • Jakob Renzer: Pinski, David. In: Georg Herlitz (Hrsg.): Jüdisches Lexikon . Vol. IV, 1, Jüdischer Verlag, Berlin 1927.
  • John F. Oppenheimer (Red.) And a .: Lexicon of Judaism. 2nd Edition. Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, Gütersloh u. a. 1971, ISBN 3-570-05964-2 , Sp. 628-629.
  • Sol Liptzin: A History of Yiddish Literature. New York 1972.
  • Günter Stemberger : History of Jewish Literature. 1977.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Since 1892, visits to Perez diverted his original desire to study medicine and convinced him to pursue a literary career; here he also published shorter articles in Mordechai Spektors Hausfreund
  2. ↑ Since 1896, here he came into closer contact with Chaim Schitlowsky
  3. ↑ Naturalistic workers drama in two acts, which describes the exploitation of the inventive talent of a simple worker by his employer. As the second part of this drama, Pinski published Isaak Piniew. A tragedy from the revolutionary labor movement
  4. ↑ First performance under Reinhardt in Berlin 1910
  5. ↑ Drama, deals with the topic of sexual passion for the first time in Yiddish-speaking theater
  6. ↑ Describes a Jewish farmer who does not want to give up on the eternal unsuccessful search for the Messiah
  7. ↑ Performed in 1919 at the Yiddish Art Theater in New York: A doctor venerated as a messiah, whose tongue had been torn out during torture, wants to lead his Jewish compatriots, who have been expelled from Illyria, to Palestine, but as soon as the situation in their homeland improves, they leave him and turn back
  8. ↑ Roman, deals with assimilation and declining forces of Jewishness using the example of the novel hero, a powerless, refined descendant from a German-Jewish aristocratic family
  9. ↑ Describes the progressive assimilation of an Eastern Jewish family over several generations
personal data
SURNAME Pinski, David
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pinsky, David
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Yiddish writer
DATE OF BIRTH April 5, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH Mogilev
DATE OF DEATH August 11, 1959
Place of death Haifa