David's maple
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Habit of David's maple ( Acer davidii ), cultivar 'Ernest Wilson' |
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| Acer davidii | ||||||||||||
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The David-maple ( Acer davidii ), also called David snake skin maple is a plant from the genus of maple ( Acer ) within the family of the soap tree plants (Sapindaceae). It comes from central to southern China and Myanmar .
description
Appearance and bark
The David's maple grows as a deciduous tree that usually reaches heights of 10, rarely up to 15 meters and can reach a large crown diameter. Its habit is open and the branches hang down expansively. The small, elongated, bare winter buds have two pairs of bud scales.
The bark is gray-brown. The name "snakeskin maple" is derived from the characteristic green and white longitudinally striped bark , which is reminiscent of a snake. The basic color of the bark of older branches is green, it is criss-crossed with white vertical stripes, and there are also brown, gray and reddish markings. The bark of young twigs is red or greenish and bare.
leaf
The opposite leaves on the branches are divided into leaf blades and petioles. The 3 to 6 centimeters long petiole is initially hairy reddish-brown and downy. The simple, paper-like leaf blade is ovate, ovate-oblong to almost circular or sometimes heart-shaped at a length of 8 to 12 (6 to 14) centimeters and a width of 5 to 8 (4 to 9) centimeters. The base of the spade is almost heart-shaped or rounded and the tip of the spade is pointed, rarely drawn out long. The underside of the leaf is light green and the upper side is dark green. The leaf margin is unlobed, three or five lobed and only slightly to double serrated. If leaf lobes are present, then they can have blunt ends or the top section is triangular and the lateral and basal ends are pointed. There are 10 to 13 pairs of lateral nerves. Young leaves are hairy reddish-brown on the underside of the veins and later, like the upper side, glabrous.
Most of the varieties stand out because of the splendid autumn colors of the foliage.
Inflorescence and flower
David's maple is Andromonöz , but often Androdioc . There are male and hermaphrodite flowers, sometimes both types on the same tree, some specimens only form male flowers. The flowering time is in spring, in China between March and April. The hanging inflorescences are racemose . The thin flower stalk is 1 to 1.5 centimeters long.
The relatively small, greenish-yellow flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are elliptical with a length of about 4 millimeters with a blunt upper end. The five petals are obovate and about 4 millimeters long. The eight bald, fertile stamens are about 3 millimeters long with yellow anthers. The bald nectar disc (discus) is located within the stamen circle. A rudimentary ovary is present in male flowers .
fruit
The wings of the brownish-yellow, 2.5 to 2.8 centimeters long fruits (Samara) are horizontal to an obtuse angle. The flat nuts have a length of 8 to 10 millimeters and a width of about 6 millimeters. The fruits ripen in China in September.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 26.
Use as an ornamental wood
David's maple prefers nutrient-rich , acidic to neutral and lime-free soils .
As an ornamental wood, it works well as a specimen plant , but also in groups.
There are several varieties of David's maple, for example 'Rosalie', 'Ernest Wilson', 'Serpentine', 'Grosser's snakeskin maple'. The 'George Forrest' variety has a rather inconspicuous autumn color.
Occurrence
David's maple is found naturally in Myanmar and the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Fujian, southeastern Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Ningxia, southern Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Zhejiang. It thrives in mixed forests in mountainous areas at altitudes between 1000 and 3000 meters.
Systematics
The first description of Acer davidii was in 1885 by Adrien René Franchet in Nouvelles archives du muséum d'histoire naturelle , Sér. 2, 8, p. 212.
Acer davidii belongs to the Macrantha section within the genus Acer . Closely related species are other "snake skin maples" such as Acer capillipes or Acer rufinerve .
Of Acer davidii there are two subspecies:
- Acer davidii subsp. grosseri (Pax) De Jong (Syn .: Acer grosseri Pax , Acer davidii var. horizontal Pax , Acer grosseri var. hersii (Rehder) Rehder , Acer hersii Rehder , Acer horizontal Franch. ex WPFang , Acer laisuense W.P. Fang & WKHu , Acer pavolinii Pampanini , Acer tegmentosum subsp. grosseri (Pax) AEMurray , Acer tegmentosum var. pavolinii (Pampanini) AEMurray ): The leaves are small and lobed, inflorescences with fewer flowers. The distribution area is more northerly at altitudes between 1000 and 1600 meters.
- Acer davidii Franch. subsp. davidii (Syn .: Acer cavaleriei H.Lév. , Acer davidii var. acuminatifolium W.P.Fang , Acer davidii var. glabrescens Pax , Acer davidii var. grandifolium S.Y.Liang & YQHuang , Acer davidii var. tomentellum Schwerin , Acer davidii var. zhanganense SZ He & YKLi , Acer laxiflorum var. Integrifolium W.P.Fang , Acer rubronervium Y.K.Li , Acer sikkimense subsp. Davidii (Franch.) Wesmael ): At altitudes 1000 and 3000 meters.
swell
literature
- Tingzhi Xu, Yousheng Chen, Piet C. de Jong, Herman John Oterdoom, Chin-Sung Chang: Aceraceae : Acer davidii. P. 539 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China , Volume 11: Oxalidaceae through Aceraceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2008, ISBN 978-1-930723-73-3 . (Section description, system and occurrence)
- Helmut Pirc: Maples . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1994, ISBN 3-8001-6554-6 , pp. 130 ff .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Acer davidii at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Acer davidii at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
