De Spielhansl
De Spielhansl (The Spielhansel) is a fairy tale ( ATU 330). It is in the children's and house tales of the Brothers Grimm from the second edition of 1819 at position 82 (KHM 82) in Middle Bavarian .
content
The Spielhansl always plays and plays everything. God and Peter visit him . Because he cannot offer them anything, Peter sends him to the bakery with three groschen. But the players lure him over and also take the three groschen from him. He pretends to have lost it, gets another three groschen and buys the bread. In the morning he is allowed to beg three graces and wishes for cards and dice with which he always wins, and a fruit tree from which no one can get down without his command. From then on he gains so much that Peter advises God to send death to him. Death wants to take him out from the game, but Spielhansl sends him up the tree and leaves him up there for seven years so that nobody dies anymore. Only on God's command does he lower him, and death takes him with him. However, he does not find entry into heaven or purgatory , but only in hell with Lucifer , from whom he wins his devils. With them he pulls out hop stalks , which they push against the sky until he is allowed in. Inside he is playing again and causing a stir. Then they throw him out, and his soul divides and travels to all players on earth.
Explanations
Compare KHM 81 Bruder Lustig and KHM 101 Der Bärenhäuter . Such stories perhaps parody the narratives of God, which were very widespread in the Middle Ages, who come to the poor as a wanderer, whom he rewards for his generosity, while he punishes the miserly (see KHM 87 The poor and the rich ). They go back to the Greek myth of Philemon and Baucis . Cf. The blacksmith von Jüterbog in Ludwig Bechstein's German fairy tale book and The three wishes in New German fairy tale book .
origin
According to Hans-Jörg Uther , the version comes from the German-Bohemian Friedberg and appears to have been sent to Jacob Grimm by Simon Sechter in 1815 (contrary to other information from Grimm).
Grimm's note
Grimm's comment recounts different variants. Time and again, the desired wages for the inn include the tree and an armchair, the beating of the devil and the outwitting of Peter. The blacksmith is good at heart, but reckless at change . The Brothers Grimm lead the blacksmith back to Thor or Sisyphus with his hammer , death and the devil to clumsy giants whom Thor defeats.
From the Münster area (by Jenny von Droste-Hülshoff ): God and Petrus are guests at Hans Lustig and send him to get beer. He loses the money playing cards and says he broke the jug. The second time he plugs his ears so as not to hear the players and brings the beer. His wife bakes an ash pancake for lack of flour. They eat, and Hans Lustig only talks about playing cards. In the morning God gives him cards and dice that always win, and a fiddle that stiffens everything. Hans Lustig regains his fortune. When death finally comes, he fiddles him in a tree and only dies when he prays the Our Father at the funeral of a relative. He has to go to hell and wins two hundred souls in a card game. When Peter opens heaven, he throws his cards in and sits on them.
A Hessian story from the Schwalm area (probably by Ferdinand Siebert ): A poor soldier sheltered wanderers and was given a never-empty purse, a satchel in which he could wish anything, and eternal bliss. For the heart of a landlord's daughter, he dedicates his soul to the devil. He moves in with the king, who still owes him grace pay and wants to get rid of him by sending him to a haunted castle (as in KHM 4 ). The soldier gives the devil his child for a reprieve, the next time he wants him in his satchel and lets threshers and blacksmiths beat him. After death, he goes to heaven by throwing the satchel through the door and wishing himself in.
From Tachau in German Bohemia : Jesus and Peter don't get a hostel from rich farmers, only from a blacksmith. As three wishes, despite Jesus' warning for his soul's sake, he chooses that his cherry tree always bears cherries and nobody can go down until he wants it, that nobody can get out of his armchair or pull his hand out of his forge bag until he wants to . When he dies and is supposed to go to hell, he has the first devil pick cherries and the second sit in the armchair until they promise to leave without him. Lucifer himself comes, but the blacksmith leaves him in his pocket and hammers on it so that he flees to hell and closes the door behind him. Then the blacksmith goes to heaven, pushes his way through the door to Peter, sits down on his apron and says: "etza sit i af my hob un gout, i really want whoever mi asse thout."
In a Hessian, which was included in the first edition of Children's and Household Tales as The Blacksmith and the Devil at position 81, the impoverished blacksmith wants to hang himself on a tree in the forest. The devil gives him ten good years and later a sack that nothing can get out of by itself. When, according to the contract, after ten years he wants to fetch the blacksmith, he lets him make himself big and small as proof, puts him in the sack and beats him until he gives up. When he dies, he has a hammer and two nails and nailed two devils on his nose and ear. The old devil asks him to go to heaven.
In a Hanoverian (probably by Georg August Friedrich Goldmann ) the poor blacksmith lacks iron and coal to shoe a horse. He lets him draw a sheet of paper in blood, he has enough iron, coal and customers. Later Peter comes on a donkey and makes him wish three things. The blacksmith outwits the devils with a chair, a pear tree and a sack, and with his apron defies his entrance to heaven.
A South German story from Moral and Souls Useful Reis nach Bethlehem by RP Attanasy: Christ grants a blacksmith four wishes for the hospitality of his wife. He chooses that nobody can get from his pear tree, from his blacksmith's stick or from his fire pipe without his will. At Peter's admonition, because of eternal life, he still wishes that nothing can separate him from his green cap. So he outsmarts death and the devil. When his guardian angel leads him to hell, the devil slams the shutters. The blacksmith just wants to look into the sky, throws his cap into it and sits on it.
In a fifth Munster story, the blacksmith lives in Bielefeld. Rejected by heaven and hell, he watches the blessed as they enter. A spurred rider must wait, a pious maiden may at once. The blacksmith throws in his apron. Peter complains because it is dirty. The blacksmith sits down on his property and is allowed to stay because his wealth has helped the poor a lot.
In a sixth story from Paderbörn (by the Hassenpflug family ), the devil has to make himself big and small in front of the Bielefeld blacksmith, who puts a glove on him and hammers him. The devils hold their gate shut for him with iron bars, after all he is floating between heaven and hell.
Seventh: The legend of the blacksmith in Jüterbock with the black and white skirt in German-French . He houses a saint and asks that no one can get out of his favorite chair, his apple tree or his coal sack without his help. Because of the sack, death has to spare him forever for ten years, then because of the tree, where the journeymen beat him up. He complains to the devil. The blacksmith does not open the door to the devil, he holds the sack behind the keyhole and has it forged.
The blacksmith in Apolda entertains Jesus and Peter and wishes that no one would come out of his nail pocket, from his apple tree or armchair until the pocket, tree or chair fell apart. With that he outwits three evil angels. When he is not allowed to go to heaven, he forges a key in hell with his hammer and is allowed to stay in heaven after all kinds of promises.
In a ninth from Wetterau by Professor Weigand , the blacksmith lures the devil to the pear tree, then with his hand in the nail box, then on the armchair. He has to give him away for ten, then twenty years, and finally he has to release him forever. He escapes and takes the roof with him.
In a tenth, Bavarian by Schmeller und Panzer, the blacksmith von Wittenbach has a cherry tree, an armchair and a bag.
Kopitar tells about the blacksmith Speti Korant, who fools death with his tree, based on childhood memories from Carniola. The devil holds the door of hell shut for him, but Korant nails him by his long fingernails. In the sky he sees his coat, which he once gave to a poor man, jumps on it and calls out "I'm on my land."
In the Hessian story they compare the folk book The misery that lasts until the last day , which probably comes from the French Histoire nouvelle et divertissement du bon homme Misère and perhaps from de la Rivière from Italy: St. Peter and Paul only get in the village with poor misery hostel who only has one wish with the pear tree from which it was just stolen. The thief is caught. He asks death for his sickle, so that he can cut off food for himself, he does not want to give it away, climbs up. He must leave him alone until Judgment Day, and so misery still dwells in the world.
In a fairy tale fragment from the Maing area (probably from the Hassenpflug family ), the devil shows all the shoes that his spirits tore for the contractual partner. People want to see the handwriting and swallow it.
Compare Grimms: Kuhn No. 8, Colshorn No. 89, Pröhle No. 15 and 16, Zingerle P. 43, Wolfs Wodana No. 2, Asbjørnsen No. 24, Keller in the introduction to Li romans des sept sages CLXXXIII ff. And on Diocletian in Hans von Bühel p. 54 .; Goreb and Fabel from The Merry Devil of Edmonton ( Tieck Old English Theater 2); The Jewish legend of David and the death at Helvicus 1, no. 12 ; KHM 87 The poor and the rich . According to the legend, soldiers do not go to heaven or hell, but Peter had to assign them their own village (see KHM 35 ). They compare Hephaestus to the armchair , to the ruse that the devil has to make himself big and small as proof, KHM 99 The Spirit in the Glass and the French version of KHM 62a Bluebeard .
literature
- Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm : Children's and Household Tales. With an appendix of all fairy tales and certificates of origin not published in all editions . Ed .: Heinz Rölleke . 1st edition. Original notes, guarantees of origin, epilogue ( volume 3 ). Reclam, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-15-003193-1 , p. 143-155, 478 .
- Hans-Jörg Uther : Handbook to the "Children's and Household Tales" by the Brothers Grimm. Origin, effect, interpretation . de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-019441-8 , pp. 189-191 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lutz Röhrich: fairy tale - myth - legend. In: Wolfdietrich Siegmund: Ancient myth in our fairy tales (= publications of the European Fairy Tale Society . Volume 6 ). Röth, Kassel 1984, ISBN 3-87680-335-7 , pp. 27-30 .
- ↑ Hans-Jörg Uther : Handbook on the "Children's and Household Tales" by the Brothers Grimm. Origin, effect, interpretation . de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-019441-8 , pp. 189 .