De proprietatibus rerum

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De proprietatibus rerum , Lyon 1482 , first page ( Iron Library , Schlatt)
Book cover of De proprietatibus rerum , Strasbourg 1495

The Liber de proprietatibus rerum is an encyclopedia of the scholastic Bartholomaeus Anglicus (also known as Bartholomew the Englishman or Bartholomew the English ; approx. 1190-1250), who wrote the work in Magdeburg in the 13th century. It is divided into 19 systematically structured books. More precisely, the religiously and morally intended biblical exegetical work can be dated between 1231 (when Bartholomaeus came to Magdeburg) and 1260; it was probably written between 1242 and 1247.

De proprietatibus rerum is one of the first reference works of the Middle Ages that also took the flora into account; Overall, the work covers the entire spectrum of the knowledge of the time.

structure

  • Liber primus: Unus immensus et incommutabilis deus
  • II: de proprietatibus angelorum (vii sqq .: hierarchy of angels)
  • III: de proprietatibus animæ rationalis (man) - De potentiis animæ - (xvii sqq .: five senses)
  • IV: de proprietatibus substantiæ corporeæ - de quattuor elementaribus qualitatibus - de humoribus et eorum generatione effectu et operatione - (xi: de melancolia)
  • Liber quintus: de dipositione membrorum (the human body)
  • VI: de ætatibus (age of man) - xx sqq .: de cibo; de potu; de prandio et convivio; xxiiii: de somno
  • VII: de infirmitatibus (medicine): de dolore capitis et eius causis et signis - de medicina et remediis et doloris passionis capitis & c.- lviii: de podagra
  • VIII: de mundo et corporibus celestibus (spheres, zodiac, planets, constellations) - xlii: de lumine
  • IX: de tempore et partibus temporis (months, days of the week, calendar)
  • X: de materia et forma - de igne
  • XI: de aere et passionibus eius (also: rainbow, hail, lightning)
  • XII: de avibus (including vespertilio)
  • XIII: de aqua et eius ornatu (rivers, lakes, sea) - xxvi: de piscibus
  • XIV: de terra et partibus eius. (Geography especially Israel)
  • XV: de provincibus (clxxv chapter alphabetically to winlandia and yselandia)
  • XVI: de lapidibus preciosis (alphabetical)
  • XVII: de arboribus et herbis (alphabetically to sugar)
  • XVIII: de animalibus
  • XIX: de coloribus odoribus saporibus et liquoribus (lxi: de lacte; lxxii: de caseo); lxxvii - cxii about all kinds of eggs - cxiiii de numero pondere et mensura - cxxxii music.

reception

The encyclopedia was used for centuries, as evidenced for the first time by the preacher Berthold von Regensburg , who was probably a student of Bartholomäus Anglicus in Magdeburg in the 1230s. In 1372 it was translated into French by the Augustinian Jean Corbichon on behalf of Charles V of France . An English translation by John Trevisa appeared in 1398 and a Spanish translation by Vicente de Burgos in 1494, a Dutch translation in 1485 and an English translation in 1582. Works that circulated parts of De proprietatibus rerum were, for example, the Compendium theologicae veritatis by Hugo Ripelin of Strasbourg , the book of nature by Konrad von Megenberg and the book of nature and eygenschaltet der dingk by the Cistercian Michael Baumann . Many literary works, including by Dante and Shakespeare, used De proprietatibus rerum as a source.

expenditure

  • First printing, Cologne approx. 1470
  • Pierre Hongre , Lyon 1482 ( Iron Library , Schlatt)
  • Johann Koelhoff the Elder , Cologne January 19, 1483 ( digitized version ).
  • Strasbourg 1485.
  • Anton Koberger, Nuremberg 20.IV 1492 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich) ( digitized from Google Books )
  • El libro delas propriedades delas cosas. Heinrich Mayer, Toulouse 1494 ( digitized from Google Books )
  • Livre des propriétés des choses. 15th century (Paris National Library Ms. franc. 134).
  • Le Proprietaire des choses très utile et profitable aux corps humains . Rouen 1517
  • Le Proprietaire des choses très utile et profitable aux corps humains . Paris 1525
  • De genuinis rerum coelestium, terrestrium et inferarum proprietatibus libri XVIII. Opus incomparabile, theologis, iureconsultis, medicis, omniumque disciplinarum & artium alumnis, utilissimum futurum. Cui accessit Liber XIX. de variarum rerum accidentibus . Frankfurt / M. 1601 (reprinted Frankfurt / M. 1964)
  • Bartholomaeus Anglicus Batman uppon Bartholomé . His Book "De Proprietatibus Rerum", London 1582, with an Introduction and Index by J. Schäfer (= Anglistica and Americana Vol. 161). Hildesheim u. a. 1976.
  • Bartholomaei Anglici De genuinis rerum coelestium, terrestrium et inferarum proprietatibus libri XVIII. Edited by Georgius Bartholdus Pontanus à Braitenberg, Frankfurt am Main (Wolfgang Richter) 1601, reprinted Frankfurt am Main 1964.

literature

  • Elizabeth Keen: The Journey of a Book: Bartholomew the Englishman and the Properties of Things . ANU Press, Canberra 2007, ISBN 9781921313073 ( PDF; 5.71 MB ).
  • Gundolf Keil : Bartholomaeus Anglicus OFM. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil, Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 150.
  • Heinz Meyer: Bartholomäus Anglicus, “de proprietatibus rerum”. Self-image and reception . In: Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum 99, 1988, pp. 237–274.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georg Steer: Bartholomäus Anglicus. In: Burghart Wachinger u. a. (Ed.): The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon . 2nd, completely revised edition, volume 1: 'A solis ortus cardine' - Colmar Dominican chronicler. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1978, column 616 f.
  2. ↑ Friedrich v. Zglinicki : Uroscopy in the fine arts. An art and medical historical study of the urine examination. Ernst Giebeler, Darmstadt 1982, ISBN 3-921956-24-2 , pp. 37, 39 f. and 43.