Deistersandstein
| Deistersandstein | |
|---|---|
| Main features | |
| group | Sedimentite |
| Subgroup | Sandstone (Wealden sandstone) |
| Occurrence | Germany, Lower Saxony |
| colour | light gray, whitish gray |
| use | Stone, facade cladding, floor coverings
|
| Dismantling situation | historical dismantling |
| Division into hard and soft stone | Soft rock |
| Age | Lower Cretaceous |
| Reference example | Welfenschloss , Hanover Opera House |
| Special marks | partially reddish flaming |
The Deistersandstein is a sandstone of the Lower Chalk , which belongs to a group of Wealden sandstones . This sandstone occurs in a deposit in the Deister ridge between Hanover and Hameln in the vicinity of Völksen near Springe in Lower Saxony . No quarry has been in operation since the 1950s . The rock was formed in the chalk .
Mineral inventory
According to Grimm, this sandstone, like the Süntelsandstein and Nesselbergsandstein, fluctuates from 78 to 82 percent quartz , 18 to 20 percent rock fragments, heavy minerals up to 2 percent and the accessories below 1 percent. The heavy minerals and accessories are: zircon , rutile , apatite , tourmaline , muscovite , leucoxene and opaque grains. The grain size is between 0.06 and 0.4 mm.
Occurrence
The closed form of sandstone in the Deister is 12 to 15 meters high in the northwest and more than 150 meters in the northwest. Shale and coal seams are embedded in the rock . Around Bad Nenndorf and Barsinghausen , calcareous, sometimes very crumbly layers are found. The sandstone banks reach a thickness of up to 5 meters.
Rock description and use
The Deistersandstein is a clayey-pebbly, partly calcareous-bound sandstone. Its color is gray, whitish gray and light gray with partially flamed textures. It is regionally reddish and reddish flamed and can show brownish tones after installation. This is because iron-containing limonite is embedded in this sandstone . This sandstone contains quartz and small amounts of mica . It is predominantly fine-grained to very fine-grained, in the conglomerate layers grain sizes of up to 20 millimeters occur. The pore volume fluctuates depending on the rock and generally not insignificant. Freshly broken stone can be easily processed by hand. Certain broken layers could be processed into whetstones and whetstones.
Deister sandstone was already used in the Middle Ages. In modern times, it was used for building structures and bridges, wall stones, curbs and boundary stones, profiled cornices, steps, monuments, tombs and stone carving work. Deister sandstone used to find buyers all over Germany, but was mainly installed in the Hanover area . In this area, this sandstone was used at the Welfenschloss , Hanover Opera House , St. Mary's Garden Church , Aegidienkirche , Marienkirche Barsinghausen and the New Hanover City Hall . In addition, Deistersandstein was installed on the Reichstag building in Berlin .
Development of the quarries
The most intensive dismantling took place during the founding period . The two most important quarries were near Barsinghausen ("Alte Schütten") and the "Mensingschen Steinbrüche" belonging to Bredenbeck. In 1938 there were only two companies that dealt with the extraction and processing with about 20 stone cutters and stone masons and that continued to work after 1945. Today (2008) there are no more quarries in the Deister area.
literature
- Otto Sickenberg: stones and earth. The deposits and their management. Geology and deposits of Lower Saxony , 5th volume. Dorn-Verlag, Bremen, Horn 1951, p. 136ff.
- Karlfried Fuchs: Natural stones from all over the world. Callwey stone card index in 2 volumes , Callwey-Verlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-7667-1267-5
Individual evidence
- ^ Illustrated atlas of important memorial stones in the Federal Republic of Germany , ed. from the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, Rock No. 119, Lipp-Verlag. Munich 1990. ISBN 3-87490-535-7