Memorial in memory of the victims of the Shoah
The memorial in memory of the victims of the Shoah ( lux . : Shoah, hb : הַשׁוֹאָה - ha'Schoah ) was inaugurated on June 17, 2018 in Luxembourg City . The memorial commemorates the persecution, deportation and murder of local Jews and Jews who fled to Luxembourg during the National Socialist dictatorship . June 17, 2018 was selected for the inauguration because 75 years earlier, on June 17, 1943, the last deportation train with Jews left Luxembourg, the location, Boulevard Roosevelt, as the first synagogue in Luxembourg was located nearby .
Memorial and commemorative plaque
The sculpture by the Franco - Israeli artist Shelomo Selinger is intended to be a memorial and a memorial at the same time and to remind of the inhumanity of the Nazis towards the Jewish population and to help ensure that such crimes can never be repeated.
The monument was erected on Roosevelt Boulevard between the cathedral and the former monastery of St. Sophia. The state and the city of Luxembourg paid a total of 325,000 euros for this monument. The monument is made of gray-pink granite.
Following the inauguration of the Shoah memorial, a plaque in Luxembourgish and French was unveiled in the foyer of the station, commemorating the deportation trains during the Second World War: Erënner Dech bei Laanschtgoen drun, datt from 1941 to 1943 from dëser Gare 658 yiddesch Men, women a Kanner an d'Nazi Ghettoen a camp déportéiert goufen, wou si kalbliddeg ëmbruecht gi sin .
history
The permanent presence of Jews in Luxembourg has been documented since 1276. A first settlement is said to have existed in front of the Sankt Ulrich Gate. The Clausen Jewish cemetery was laid out in 1817 and in 1823 the first synagogue was ceremoniously inaugurated in the now-disappeared Seminärsgässel behind the cathedral (see Ons Stad No. 25 from 1987). This was built in the Moorish-Byzantine style according to the plans of Professor Levi from Karlsruhe. After years of searching, a new synagogue was opened in 1894 at the corner of Rue Aldringen and Rue Notre Dame. This synagogue was destroyed by the Nazis in autumn 1943 (see: Old Synagogue (Luxembourg) ).
In 1927 there were a total of 1,771 people of Jewish descent in Luxembourg, in 1935 there were already 3,144, of whom 870 were of Luxembourg nationality. In 1940 around 3700 Jews (around one percent of the total population) lived in Luxembourg. Of the 3,700 Jews living in Luxembourg, only about 2,500 survived.
From October 16, 1941 to June 17, 1943, 658 Jewish women, men and children were deported in seven transports (see main article: Deportation of Jews from Luxembourg ).
In 1969, on the initiative of the “Comité Auschwitz Luxembourg”, a memorial in honor of the Shoa victims was erected in Fünfbrunnen. It consists of granite stones that were broken by prisoners in the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp during the war. The monument represents a tortured person.
In 2012, the Luxembourg government under Jean-Claude Juncker commissioned the University of Luxembourg to draw up a report on the role of the Luxembourg administration during the Second World War . According to the Artuso report, 1,300 Jews living in Luxembourg in 1940 were deported to death camps.
In 2013 the MemoShoah, one of the associations that actively do memory work, is founded. Chairman: Henri Juda.
On June 9, 2015, the Luxembourg Parliament adopted a motion for a resolution and apologized to the Jewish community of Luxembourg for the suffering it had suffered during the occupation by Nazi Germany.
The monument will be inaugurated on June 17, 2018 in the presence of Grand Duke Henri and his wife Maria Teresa . Speeches were given by the Mayor of Luxembourg City, Lydie Polfer , the Chairman of the Consistoire israélite de Luxembourg, Albert Aflalo, and the Luxembourg Prime Minister Xavier Bettel .
Fondatioun Shoah
With the erection of the monument, a foundation (Fondatioun Shoah) was established, which received endowment capital of 250,000 euros from the Luxembourg state.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Danielle Schumacher: Monument dedicated to the victims of the Shoah , Luxemburger Wort from June 17, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d "Kaddisch": Erënnerung un d'Affer vum Holocaust , RTL Luxembourg from June 17, 2018.
- ↑ Shoah memorial will open next year L 'essentiel.lu from October 25, 2017.
- ↑ As you walk by, remember that from 1941 to 1943 658 Jewish men, women and children were deported from this train station to the Nazi ghetto and camp, where they were murdered in cold blood.
- ↑ a b c d René Clesse: Shoah in Luxemburg .
- ^ Luxembourg - Ville de Luxembourg (capital of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg) Jewish cemeteries - Cimetières juifs , contributions to the Jewish history in Luxembourg, to the history of the Jewish cemeteries in Luxembourg.
- ^ Luxembourg - Ville de Luxembourg (capital of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg) Jewish cemeteries - Cimetières juifs , Contributions to Jewish history in Luxembourg, General contribution from 1928, About the Jewish situation in Luxembourg - on the occasion of the death of the Luxembourg rabbi Dr. Fuchs (1928).
- ↑ Luxembourg - Ville de Luxembourg (capital of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg) Jewish cemeteries - Cimetières juifs , Contributions to Jewish history in Luxembourg, Not so easy search for a plot of land for the new synagogue (1890/1894)
- ↑ a b c John Lamberty: Commemoration of Shoah victims on Sunday in Fünfbrunnen: Out of sight, ... The first deportation train to the east departed from Luxembourg 75 years ago , Luxemburger Wort on July 1, 2016.
- ↑ Named after the historian Vincent Artuso.
- ↑ a b Bodo Bost: Luxembourg apologizes to the Jewish community , Israel-Nachrichten of June 22, 2015; See also: Tonia Koch in Collaborateurs ' Guilt , Deutschlandfunk , May 4, 2015.
- ^ Henri Juda: Keeping the memory of the Shoah alive , journal.lu of January 27, 2017.
Coordinates: 49 ° 36 '32.4 " N , 6 ° 7' 54.3" E
