Because (Eifel)

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Because was a village in the area of ​​today's municipality Ahrbrück in Rhineland-Palatinate . The village was the first to be evacuated as part of the creation of the Ahrbrück Air Force Training Area (notification: November 27, 1937, evacuation on March 1, 1938). After the end of the Second World War , the place was repopulated. The old name "Denn" was no longer used. The place was run as the Ahrbrück.

As part of the local government reform in 1969, the three previously independent places Ahrbrück, Pützfeld and Brück (Ahr) were merged to form the municipality of Ahrbrück.

history

Foundation / first documentary mention

In 1265, the place name "DEHNE" was mentioned for the first time in the contract between the Archbishop of Cologne and Walraf von Jülich . Because like all parishes suffered under the mercenaries in the Thirty Years War . The Rochus Chapel was built in 1637. The construction of a mill on the Kesselinger Bach in Denn is recorded in 1711. In 1794, during the French occupation, the Rhineland was assigned to Marie Brück and Canton Ahrweiler. In 1802 Denn - like all areas on the left bank of the Rhine - belongs to France. In 1809 these areas fell to Prussia. A school was built in 1818. In 1836 Denn belonged to the mayor's office in Brück. In 1925, the renovated Rochus Chapel was inaugurated.

The eviction

Former Wehrmacht building in Denn (today Ahrbrück district, south of the L85)

After the remilitarization of the Rhineland in March 1936, the first rumors became known about the military use of the region and the associated evacuation of the villages. In April 1937 the residents of the twelve villages were officially informed about the evacuation of the area by the district president in Koblenz . On the basis of a request from May 1937, Hermann Göring , Commander in Chief of the German Air Force , wrote to the then Bishop of Trier , Franz Rudolf Bornewasser : “Unfortunately, it cannot be avoided that the residents of the area required for the Air Force training area will be relocated, because it is not possible for them to remain due to the danger posed by the exercise. I entrusted the resettlement society with the implementation of the resettlement . ”The Reich resettlement society (RUGes) set up a branch in Ahrweiler in mid-1937 and began to organize the purchase of the land and the evacuation of the villages from here. A total of around 3,000 sales contracts were concluded and 13,000,000 Reichsmarks were paid. The German Reich (Reichsfiskus Luftfahrt) was entered in the land registers as the new owner .

On November 27, 1937, the planned evacuation dates were announced. For the community of Denn, the end of the evacuation was scheduled for March 1, 1938; the other localities followed in three stages by May 1, 1939. 400 families with over 2,400 people were affected by the resettlement. Before the area was cleared, there were roughly the following livestock: 60 horses, 1,400 head of cattle, 1,100 sheep, 520 pigs, 320 goats and 4,400 chickens.

Denn was the first village to be evacuated and handed over to the Air Force on March 1, 1938. The commandant's office was set up here. The evictions of Fronrath, Cassel and Watzel were completed in November 1938. The last to be reported was the evacuation of Blasweiler to Berlin on December 23, 1939.

In April 1938 the last ten families were forcibly evacuated.

In March 1945 the region was conquered by the US Army and handed over to the French in July 1945 . As a former property of the Wehrmacht , the air force training area initially came into the possession of the French occupation troops and was used as a personal hunting reserve by the state governor of Rhineland-Palatinate, the big game hunter Hettier de Boislambert , because the game population had increased enormously after the war.

Repopulation

By decree of the French Governor General Hettier de Boislambert on November 13, 1946, the site was released for repopulation. On December 20, 1946, the Upper President of Rhineland-Hesse-Nassau, Wilhelm Boden, designated the area previously claimed by the Wehrmacht as a settlement and reallocation area and commissioned the "Kulturamt Adenau" with the planning and implementation of the resettlement. The "Siedlungsverband Ahrbrück", founded for this purpose, was responsible for the settlement.

Land allocation should primarily be made to returnees. There was an agreement between the settlement association, the regional cultural administration and the forest administration on the delimitation of the areas suitable for agricultural use and for the forestry areas. The settlement project covered around 10,000 hectares , of which 1,500 hectares were to be used for agriculture.

In 1949 the “Siedlerhilfswerk Schleswig-Holstein e. V. ”learned about the settlement project in the Eifel. After preliminary work and negotiations by the settlement commissioner of the Caritasverband Schleswig-Holstein e. V. , Erich Kluckert, it was decided in February 1950 to settle in the predominantly Catholic "Gutsgebiet Ahrbrück" not only the native resettlers but also Catholic farmers from the Warmia. Because in Schleswig-Holstein there lived numerous expellees who had escaped there with cattle and tools from the Warmia .

church

See Rochus Chapel (Ahrbrück)

literature

  • Klaus Hippler: Festschrift for the 750th anniversary of the towns of Brück and Denn (1265–2015)
  • Arno Furth: The Ahrbrück Air Force Training Area: 1938–1945 . Helios, Aachen 2015, ISBN 978-3-86933-144-7 .

Web links

Commons : Because  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Klaus Hippler: Festschrift for the 750th anniversary of the towns of Brück and Denn (1265–2015)
  2. ↑ a b c Rudolf Leisen: The Air Force Training Area Ahrbrück - The clearing of twelve villages began 60 years ago, 1997 homeland yearbook of the Ahrweiler district ( online edition )
  3. ↑ a b c Georg Habighorst ; The restoration of the former air force training area Ahrbrück , 1954 homeland yearbook of the Ahrweiler district ( online edition )
  4. ↑ Warmian community Heckenbach: ( The Warmian settlement in the Eifel)
  5. ↑ Andreas Basener: A new village grew out of ruins , Heimatjahrbuch 1965 of the Ahrweiler district ( online edition )
  6. ↑ Forester of the responsible state forestry office in Adenau was Mariano Baron von Droste zu Hülshoff since 1947 , who reports about it in his memoir
  7. ^ Franz Schönberger: New life on dead land , 1953 Heimatjahrbuch of the Ahrweiler district ( online edition )
  8. ↑ Forester of the State Forestry Office in Adenau, Mariano Freiherr von Droste zu Hülshoff had been since 1947 , and he reported on this in his memoirs
  9. ↑ Ermländer settlement in the Eifel in "Das Ostpreußenblatt " of December 5, 1950, p. 561 ( PDF, p. 9 )

Coordinates: 50 ° 28 ′ 54.7 "  N , 6 ° 59 ′ 6.4"  E