Adenau

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 23 '  N , 6 ° 56'  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Ahrweiler
Association municipality :	Adenau
Height :	300 m above sea level NHN
Area :	18.56 km 2
Residents:	2943 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	159 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes :	53511-53518
Area code :	02691
License plate :	AW
Community key :	07 1 31 001
Association administration address:	Kirchstrasse 15 53518 Adenau
Website :	www.stadt-adenau.de
City Mayor :	Arnold Josef Hoffmann ( CDU )
Location of the city of Adenau in the Ahrweiler district

Adenau ( pronunciation ^{? / I} ) is a town in the southern Ahreifel . It belongs to the district of Ahrweiler in Rhineland-Palatinate and is the administrative seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Adenau , to which it also belongs. According to state planning, Adenau is designated as a medium-sized center. Adenau bears the nickname "St. John City" because here since the Middle Ages, one of the oldest St. John - Coming existed.

and display information about the image

Adenau 2006

Adenau, aerial photo (2016)

geography

location

Adenau is located in the south of the Ahreifel - more precisely on the edge of the southern Ahrbergland natural area - in the valley of the Adenauer Bach , a right tributary of the Ahr , which in turn takes up a number of tributaries near Adenau with the Exbach , the Mittelbach , the Näßbach and the Krekelbach . To the side of the valleys of these waters rise around Adenau northwest of the Hüstert ( 406.4  m above sea  level ), north of the Kirchberg ( 446.8  m ) and the Breite Heide ( 496.3  m ) and south of the Kallenhard ( 471  m ) . The urban area comprises the state forest Adenau as well as the conservation area "Rhein-Ahr-Eifel" and reaches the outer northeast in the (eastern) high Eifel on the High Eight with 746.9  m height at its highest point. The Breidscheid district is located within the Nordschleife of the Nürburgring , which runs between the Adenauer Forst and Exmühle sections in the immediate vicinity of the Adenau district.

City structure

The Am Schwallenberg residential area belongs to Adenau itself, the Breidscheider Hof , Exmühle and Jagdhaus In der Leihwiese residential areas to the Breidscheid district .

history

middle Ages

In 992, Adenau was first mentioned in a document from King Otto III. Mentioned in a document under the Middle High German name "Adenova". In the High Middle Ages, Adenau belonged to the rulership of the Counts of Are-Nürburg , who donated their county to the Archbishopric of Cologne in 1246 after the mediation of the Archbishop of Cologne, Konrad von Hochstaden . After the Counts of Are died out , Adenau belonged to the Electoral Cologne Office of Nürburg .

In 1162 Count Ulrich von Are donated his manor in Adenau to the Johannitern . This made Adenau the third oldest branch of this order in Germany after Duisburg and Werben / Elbe. Under their head ( commander ), the friars first tried to care for the sick and pilgrims. Until 1518, the Commander was also pastor of Adenau in the Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist.

In 1490 the lay judges of the Adenau court, who were among the 28 lay judges in the Nürburg office , already sealed with today's city coat of arms.

The noble family von Adenau , which can be verified from 1389 to 1535, probably took its name from the place of the same name, since in 1389 a Peter von Adenau truchess and castle man was on the Nürburg. In 1535 the family acquired the noble residence "Zur Mühlen" in Adenau.

16th to 18th century

To promote prosperity, Adenau received a market privilege as early as 1600. In addition to four large annual markets, several weekly markets were also allowed. This privilege was confirmed in 1602 by Elector Ernst of Cologne and in 1647 by Elector Ferdinand of Cologne . Also before 1600, the leather guild was founded as the first Adenauer guild . The wool weavers ' guild followed in 1700, followed by the hammer guild of blacksmiths, locksmiths, carpenters and joiners in the 18th century .

These privileges and the town-like constitution with a mayor and council ( figure eight ) already distinguished Adenau from other places at the beginning of the 17th century. Therefore Adenau was also referred to as a patch or freedom .

In 1689, after the Nürburg was destroyed by the French, Adenau became the seat of the Nürburg Office .

19th to 20th century

After the occupation of the Left Bank of the Rhine by the French Revolutionary Army , Adenau was the seat of the Maire (mayor) of Mairie Adenau in the canton of Adenau , which belonged to the Department de Rhin-et-Moselle , from 1798 to 1814 . After the annexation of the Rhineland to the Kingdom of Prussia , it became the seat of the district administrator and the administration of the Adenau district in 1816 . Since 1816 Adenau had a municipal constitution with its own city council, which in 1820 applied to the Prussian government in Koblenz to be dissolved in order to be classified in a lower tax bracket. The application was not approved until 1833.

Flood in Adenau in June 1910

City of Adenau 1978

The Adenau district was one of the poorest districts in Prussia. The government tried to counteract this with extensive infrastructure measures. Adenau was connected to Remagen am Rhein in 1888 by the Ahr Valley Railway via Dümpelfeld , Altenahr and Ahrweiler , and in 1912 to Jünkerath by another railway line . In the 1920s, on the initiative of the then District Administrator Dr. Creutz, with the support of the former district administrator Erich Klausener, built the Nürburgring , which opened in 1927.

In 1932 Adenau lost its function as a district town because the Adenau district was dissolved and divided between the Ahrweiler district and the Mayen district. Adenau was now a municipality within the "Adenau District Mayor's Office" belonging to the Ahrweiler district, an administrative association of 24 municipalities.

On May 11, 1952, Prime Minister Peter Altmeier declared the municipality of Adenau a city on behalf of the state government of Rhineland-Palatinate. On October 1, 1952, the neighboring community of Breidscheid was incorporated into the city of Adenau.

Population development

The development of the population of Adenau in relation to today's urban area; the values ​​from 1871 to 1987 are based on censuses:

year Residents 1815 1,380 1835 1,631 1871 1,592 1905 2.002 1939 2,680 1950 2,869

year Residents 1961 2,932 1970 3,105 1987 2.712 1997 3,031 2005 2,921 2017 2,894

Population development in Adenau from 1815 to 2017 according to the table below

politics

City council

The city ​​council in Adenau consists of 20 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary city ​​mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the city council:

choice	SPD	CDU	FDP	ÖDP	total
2019	3	12	2	3	20 seats
2014	3	12	2	3	20 seats
2009	2	12	3	3	20 seats
2004	2	13	2	3	20 seats

mayor

Arnold Hoffmann (CDU) became mayor of Adenau in 2009. In the direct election on May 26, 2019, he was confirmed in his office for another five years with a share of 64.25% of the votes.

Hoffmann's predecessor Bernd Schiffarth (CDU) held the office from 1984 to 2009.

coat of arms

	Blazon : "Divided by silver and red, above a continuous black facetted bar cross, sprinkled with silver shingles below, a silver, blue-tongued lion."
	Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms was used as a seal image as early as the 15th century. It connects the black cross of Kurköln with the lion of the Lords of Nürburg . The seal image has been used as a coat of arms since 1831. The actually wrong coloring of the coat of arms of Nürburg ("In red with golden shingles, a golden lion") goes back to the heraldist Otto Hupp .

Town twinning

Adenau is twinned with the French community Sillery in Champagne and Mellieħa on the island of Malta . These town twinning is based on the common history of the Order of St. John and the Order of Malta, which connects these communities. In 2002 a further partnership with the municipality of Castione della Presolana in the Italian Lombardy was added.

Attractions

House stone on the market by 1630

Historic market square with fountain

At the Adenauer Marktplatz in the center of the village there is an ensemble of historical buildings, some of which are listed . The market fountain was built from basalt columns .

Stein am Markt 8, built in 1630, has been under the protection of the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict since 1992 . The half-timbered house was built with three projecting floors above a vaulted cellar. The attic, which is covered with slate, has an imposing, also slated tail gable . The wrought iron roof flag , which shows the initials of the builder Theodor Hütten and the year 1630, has been called the Swedish flag since ancient times, probably because it was built during the Thirty Years' War , when the Swedish army temporarily occupied the area.

Eifel farmhouse museum

On Schulstrasse you can visit a typical 19th century farmhouse - everything from the milk kitchen to the parlor is true to the original.

Local history, guild and Johanniter museum

The local history museum on the church square houses a nail smithy as well as a rich collection of objects and tools from the various craftsmen based in Adenau, including saddlers, shoemakers, carpenters and drapers. The history of the Nürburgring, Adenau artists, the history of the former Adenau district and the Johanniter in Adenau are further topics of the exhibitions.

Johanniter Commandery

The Commandery ("Coming") was a branch of the religious knightly order of St. John , as an administrative unit mainly responsible for the management of their goods, but there was also provided hospitality to the poor, pilgrims and members of the order passing through. Today the building serves as a meeting place. Like the local history museum, it is located in the center of Adenau, in the immediate vicinity of the town hall and district court as well as the parish church of St. Johannes. After years of planning, the Johanniter Commandery will be handed over to the city on September 1, 2020. A corresponding contract was signed on April 30, 2020 between the previous owner, the Catholic parish of the Adenau community and the city of Adenau.

Butter market

The Lady Chapel

In the historic Buttermarkt district there are several interesting houses - the oldest from 1396 - in its original condition. A half-timbered house was demolished elsewhere in Adenau and rebuilt true to the original at the Buttermarkt. To commemorate the earlier use of the square that gave the quarter its name, there is the Butterfrau , a sculpture by the Adenau artist Georg Gehring.

Parish Church of St. John the Baptist

The Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist has existed since 1224. Its core is over 1000 years old. The initial building is probably from the 10th / 11th centuries. Over the centuries it has been changed, expanded, rebuilt several times, destroyed in wars and rebuilt. In its current state it contains Romanesque, late Gothic and neo-Gothic parts of the building. Worth seeing inside the church, which was renovated in 1990, are: in the main choir the high altar made of remains of an altar shrine from the beginning of the 16th century and the figures of the same age in the choir, in the side aisle the pieta and - as the oldest piece of furniture - the Romanesque font made of basalt. In the area of ​​the tower hall, older wall paintings were exposed and restored as part of the renovation. Some basalt crosses from the cemetery, which was moved from here in 1828, are embedded in the outer wall. The atrium is the rest of the part of the church that was destroyed by bombs in 1945.

Evangelical Church of the Redeemer Adenau

The Protestant Church of the Redeemer is the main church of the Protestant parish of Adenau, which still exists today within the boundaries of the former district of Adenau. It was built from 1913 to 1914 according to the plans of the architect Franz Heinrich von Schwechten .

Lady Chapel

The Lady Chapel was built in neo-Gothic style from 1893 to 1895, on the site of an older chapel that was dedicated to Our Lady of Sorrows.

Way of the Cross Adenau

The Adenauer Kreuzweg was built in 1861–1863. In 2011 the “1. Adenauer Bahnhofweg ”, which is to be reissued every two years.

See also : List of cultural monuments in Adenau

education

The Erich-Klausener-Gymnasium Adenau goes back to a private school founded in 1914 and has been called Erich-Klausener-Gymnasium since 1966 . The best- known graduate is the ARD journalist Marion von Haaren .

Excursion destinations in the vicinity

• The Nürburg

South of Adenau, near the village of Nürburg, the castle complex with a mighty keep from the 12th century is an impressive building as a castle ruin with its vaults and many towers made of basalt , tuff and greywacke .

• The high eight

The highest mountain in the Eifel ( 746.9  m high) with the Kaiser Wilhelm lookout tower

• The Nürburgring

The Nürburgring was opened on June 18, 1927, after up to 3,000 men were temporarily employed in the construction of the first mountain, racing and test track . It brought work and an economic upswing to the poor, structurally weak area of ​​the Eifel.

Personalities

People born in Adenau

• Willibrord Köller (1765–1834), first Prussian district administrator in the Adenau district
• Johann Nicola Baur (1808–1874), businessman and longstanding Prussian member of parliament
• Bruno Albers (1866–1941), Benedictine and church historian
• Willi Martini (1925–2001), designer, racing driver and businessman
• Heribert Boeder (1928–2013), philosopher
• Franz Schmitten (1929–2011), animal breeding scientist and university professor in Bonn
• Bernhard Müller-Feyen (1931–2004), artist, sculptor and teacher
• Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff (* 1948), lawyer, author and board member, Knight of Malta
• Dagmar Schäfer (* 1968), sinologist
• Sabine Schmitz (* 1969), racing car driver and television presenter
• Torsten "Toto" Jansen (* 1976), handball player
• Fabian Giefer (* 1990), soccer goalkeeper
• Christopher Theisen (* 1993), football player
• Jannik Müller (* 1994), soccer player
• Maren Weingarz (* 1994), soccer player
• Rebecca Knaak (* 1996), soccer player

People connected to the city

• Clemens de Lassaulx (1809–1906), forest clerk in Adenau, "father of the Eifel forest"
• Emil Hagmann (1872–1919), Mayor of Adenau from 1905 to 1910
• Erich Klausener (1885–1934), District Administrator of the Adenau District (1917–1919), was shot by the National Socialists in 1934 for his work as head of the Berlin Catholic Action
• Otto Wemper (1894–1969), forester, pioneer in the recultivation of open-cast lignite mining areas, headed the Adenau Forestry Office from 1925 to 1940
• Max Funke (1895–1980), entrepreneur and inventor, founded Max Funke KG in Adenau in 1951
• Claude Hettier de Boislambert (1906–1986), military governor of Rhineland, then Rhineland-Palatinate from 1945 to 1951, used the Adenau Forestry Office as a "hunting reserve"
• Mariano Freiherr von Droste zu Hülshoff (1907–1997), forester in Adenau from 1947–1962
• Berthold Beitz (1913–2013), general representative of Krupp AG; In the 1950s – 60s he was the tenant of a hunting ground for the Adenau Forestry Office
• Bernd von Droste zu Hülshoff (* 1938), founder of the UNESCO World Heritage Center in Paris; grew up in Adenau
• Marion von Haaren (* 1957), ARD European correspondent, went to school in Adenau, graduated from high school in 1977
• Helmut Vom (* 1962), Bishop of Aachen, 2004–2011 pastor of Adenau

traffic

Adenau train station was the terminus of the Ahr Valley Railway , which now only runs to Ahrbrück . A continuation to Rengen was originally planned.

See also

• List of mayors of Adenau 1608–1802

literature

• Bernhard Gondorf: The castles of the Eifel and their peripheral areas. A lexicon of the "permanent houses" . J. P. Bachem, Cologne 1984, ISBN 3-7616-0723-7 , p. 21 .

Web links

Commons : Adenau  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• City of Adenau
• Verbandsgemeinde Adenau
• Short portrait of Adenau with a film on SWR television .
• Johanniter-Kommende Adenau
• Literature about Adenau in the Rhineland-Palatinate State Bibliography

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ↑ ^{a b} State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate - regional data
3. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality. Status: January 2019 ^{[ Version 2020 is available. ]} . S. 5 (PDF; 3 MB).
4. ↑ Emperor Otto III. on May 19, 992 established a forest between Adenau and today's Bad Neuenahr; Peter Blum: Adenau am Nürburgring , Verlag der Stadt Adenau, Adenau 1952, p. 66.
5. ↑ The original priest coming came into the hands of knightly commander at the end of the 15th century. In 1518 the independent Kommende Adenau was merged with the Kommende Trier in personal union. Jakob Rausch Adenau - Die Johanniterstadt , homeland yearbook for the Ahrweiler district 1954
6. ↑ P. Blum: Adenau and surroundings, p. 34.
7. ↑ Ernst von Oistman and his genealogical-heraldic collection in the University Library in Cologne (Ed. HM Schleicher), Vol. 1, Cologne 1992, pp. 125–126. P. Blum: Adenau and surroundings, p. 37.
8. ↑ Ernst Wollmann: The Wool Weavers Guild in Adenau ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), in: Heimatjahrbuch für die Landkreis Ahrweiler 1955, p. 88.
9. ↑ Ernst Wollmann: Die Hammmerzunft in Adenau ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), in: Heimatjahrbuch für den Landkreis Ahrweiler 1957, p. 55.
10. ↑ P. Blum: Adenau am Nürburgring , pp. 38–39.
11. ^ List of the mayors of Adenau 1608–1802
12. ↑ The Adenau town hall 1610-1808 with the municipal code of approx. 1610 and resolutions of the eighth , including citizen recordings, is located at the Adenau mayor's office .
13. ↑ In detail on this P. Blum: Adenau am Nürburgring , pp. 27–33.
14. ↑ Another railway line from Adenau to Daun was approved in 1914, but not built; P. Blum: Adenau am Nürburgring , pp. 17–18.
15. ↑ 1928 Adenau provided 7 representatives in the break of the mayor's office; P. Blum: Adenau am Nürburgring , p. 20.
16. ↑ Ernst Wollmann: Adenau and its history , in: Heimatjahrbuch Kreis Ahrweiler 1959 ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
17. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections
18. ↑ No connection under this number. In: WochenSpiegel. Weiss-Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Monschau, September 24, 2014, accessed on August 6, 2020 . 
19. ^ The Regional Returning Officer of Rhineland-Palatinate: direct elections 2019. see Adenau, Verbandsgemeinde, first line of results. Retrieved August 6, 2020 . 
20. ↑ Russian on the Ring: The region is confused. In: Rhein-Zeitung. Mittelrhein-Verlag GmbH, Koblenz, November 4, 2014, accessed on August 6, 2020 . 
21. ↑ Klemens Stadler : German coat of arms - Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2: The municipal coats of arms of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bremen, Hamburg, West Berlin. Angelsachsen-Verlag, Bremen 1966.
22. ↑ twinning Adenaus
23. ↑ Purchase of the Commandery. Blick-aktuell.de, May 12, 2020, accessed on May 15, 2020 . 
24. ↑ A small time table on the history of our school , Erich-Klausener-Gymnasium, accessed on June 4, 2008.