Burgbrohl

The title of this article is ambiguous. For the Canon in Münster and Hildesheim, see Friedrich Ludwig von Bourscheidt zu Burgbrohl .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 28 '  N , 7 ° 17'  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Ahrweiler
Association municipality :	Brohl valley
Height :	152 m above sea level NHN
Area :	10.62 km 2
Residents:	3183 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	300 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	56659
Area code :	02636
License plate :	AW
Community key :	07 1 31 202
Community structure:	3 districts
Association administration address:	Kapellenstrasse 12 56651 Niederzissen
Website :	www.burgbrohl.de
Local Mayor :	Walter Schneider ( SPD )
Location of the municipality of Burgbrohl in the Ahrweiler district

Burgbrohl, aerial photo (2017)

Burgbrohl Castle , aerial photo (2017)

View of the town center

Burgbrohl is a municipality in the Ahrweiler district in Rhineland-Palatinate . It belongs to the Brohltal community , which has its administrative headquarters in Niederzissen . According to state planning, Burgbrohl is designated as a basic center.

geography

Burgbrohl is located five kilometers from the Middle Rhine in the lower Middle Rhine area (Brohl-Sinziger Terrassenflur) . The municipality is located in the conservation area Rhein-Ahr-Eifel .

The community is divided into the three districts of Burgbrohl, Lützingen (formerly Oberlützingen ) and Weiler (formerly Niederoberweiler ). The residential areas Haus Karlheim, Nonnsmühle, Schierbergsmühle and a small part of Bad Tönisstein also belong to the Burgbrohl district ; to the district of Lützingen the house Herchenberg, to the district of Weiler the residential areas Am Wingertsberg, Beunerhof, Buchholz , Buchholzermühle and Neubuchholz.

history

Burgbrohl is mentioned in a document for the first time in the Middle Ages , when "Volcoldus von Brule" was mentioned as a witness in the founding deed of Laach Monastery by Count Palatine Heinrich II in 1093 or 1112 . Presumably the Lords of Brule, as Ministeriale of the Gaugrafen appointed by the Emperor, had a fortified courtyard on the castle hill and monitored the strategic point of the crossing paths in the valley. Their importance must have increased in the following years, because a document from 1289 speaks of a castle.

In 1338 "the Lords of Brohl with the tower, gate, outer bailey with the court in the valley and around the castle to margrave Wilhelm I of Jülich to fief ". The feudal activity lasted until the complete reorganization by the French in 1798. Elsa of Brohl acknowledged in 1471 the Elector of Trier an opening right to burgbrohl one for its lifetime. Since Elsa von Brohl was the last of her family, the inheritance was divided between the Winnenburg , Elz and Braunsberg families according to her will . The resulting disputes dragged on for almost 100 years, until around 1560 the von Braunsberg family took possession of the castle and on March 3, 1563 Wilhelm von Braunsberg was enfeoffed again by Duke Wilhelm V von Jülich .

When French troops occupied the left bank of the Rhine at the end of the 17th century , Burgbrohl Castle was destroyed by fire on the night of May 1, 1689 at the same time as the castles Olbrück , Rheineck and Sinzig were withdrawn . The rebuilding of the castle and the wedding of Kasper Franz von Bourscheidt with Isabella Countess von Schaesberg at the beginning of the 18th century led to a heyday of the rule. The castle was rebuilt relatively quickly in 1709/10 and a new winery was built in 1731 . At the same time, the energetic Kasper Franz von Bourscheidt and his son Franz Karl decisively promoted the economy in the rule; 1768 took place the construction of the Nonnsmühle which Trassabbau intensified, basalt quarries were opened.

At the same time, the dispute with the Buchholz provost about water, fishing and hunting rights smoldered . The land disputes, brought to extremes by the ambitious waiter and pastor Johann Michael Sieglohr, lasted for decades. Great changes occurred when, in October 1794, the French revolutionary troops , coming from Bonn , occupied the area.

The time of belonging to France (1798 to 1814) not only brought the loss of lordship and spiritual privileges, but also a complete reorganization of the administration. In the newly established canton of Andernach , Burgbrohl received the seat of a mairie for the middle Brohl valley in 1798 . With the takeover of the Rhineland by Prussia (1815) was followed by the formation of the mayoralty Burgbrohl with the municipalities Kell , Wassenach , Glees , military , Brenk , Galenberg , low Oberweiler , low and Oberlützingen .

Incorporations

The current local community was formed on June 7, 1969 from the community Burgbrohl (1639 inhabitants) and the previously independent communities Niederoberweiler (1031 inhabitants; today district of Weiler) and Oberlützingen (385 inhabitants).

Burgbrohl belonged, like the other municipalities of today's Brohltal community, to the simultaneously dissolved district of Mayen until November 7, 1970 and was incorporated into the district of Ahrweiler .

Population development

The development of the population of Burgbrohl in relation to today's municipal area; the values ​​from 1871 to 1987 are based on censuses:

year Residents 1815 643 1835 997 1871 1.101 1905 2,001 1939 2,219 1950 2,585

year Residents 1961 2,809 1970 3,099 1987 3,034 1997 3,359 2005 3,310 2017 3,187

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council in Burgbrohl consists of 20 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary local mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the municipal council:

choice	SPD	CDU	FWG	total
2019	9	7th	4th	20 seats
2014	10	7th	3	20 seats
2009	10	7th	3	20 seats
2004	7th	9	4th	20 seats

• FWG = Free Voting Group Burgbrohl e. V.

mayor

Walter Schneider (SPD) became mayor of Burgbrohl in 2004. In the direct election on May 26, 2019, he was confirmed in office for another five years with a share of 64.77% of the votes.

coat of arms

For the municipal coat of arms, the historical coats of arms of the former owners of the Burgbrohl estate were combined, the coat of arms of the eponymous family, the von Brohl in fields 2 and 3, the coat of arms of the von Braunsberg in field 4 and the coat of arms of the last owners, the von Bourscheidt with swapped colors in field 1.

Community partnerships

Burgbrohl has had a partnership with Poix-du-Nord in France since 1965 , in which the citizens of the communities visit each other annually.

Culture and sights

See also: List of cultural monuments in Burgbrohl

Kaiserhalle

The Kaiserhalle in Burgbrohl

The Kaiserhalle is a festival hall designed as a ball and theater hall. The inauguration took place on September 4, 1896, on the occasion of the celebrations for Sedan Day. The interior has a round dance floor and seats over 500 guests. The hall rises on a quarry stone foundation in a hemispherical shape with a height of 10 m and a diameter of 20 m. The enclosed space without ancillary buildings is over 3000 m³.

The dome construction consists of a lightweight concrete shell that tapers from 50 to 30 cm . In the upper third, the dome consists of lime-bound pumice stones , presumably because of the difficulties encountered during shuttering. At the top there is an opening with a diameter of 4.50 m, which is held by an anchored iron ring. The only natural light source for the interior is located on it.

It was particularly important to the builder Wilhelm Bell to build a self-supporting domed hall as proof that local building materials such as limestone , lava sand and trass can also be used for extreme loads. In the late 19th century who had cement had already begun its triumphant and Trassabbau in Brohltal always continued to decline. With the exception of the Pantheon in Rome , there was no other example of the use of such a combination of building materials to vault such a large area without any reinforcement .

Since a static calculation could not be carried out at that time , the builder had to rely on experience and feeling when dimensioning all components. Only a calculation carried out later by the Technical University of Berlin confirmed the measures taken. It also happened that the construction plans were initially not approved by the authorities. After an unauthorized construction in only three months, the building permit was finally granted by the administrative court.

After many years of glamorous celebrations, a decline began in 1945, which almost came to an end when it was used as a garage. A restoration was finally able to take place between 1980 and 1984, whereby the Burgbrohl Citizens' Association did a great job.

Buchholz Provost Office

→ Main article : Propstei Buchholz

About 2 km south of Niederoberweiler lies the former Buchholz provost on the plateau, which formerly belonged to the (Mönchen-) Gladbach Abbey. This external ownership of the Benedictine abbey, which already existed in the 9th century, was first mentioned in 1135 in a letter from Abbot Walterus about the distribution of the income. Extensive construction work has already been documented during this period, such as the generous construction of a three-nave church, which was provided with a transept and towers by the end of the 12th century. The two side aisles were removed as early as the Romanesque period. In 1683 the west facade was redesigned and received a curved baroque gable. In 1802 the provost's office was closed. In 1952 the church was badly damaged by fire. The monastery complex includes a priory building and a number of farm buildings. The former Romanesque residential buildings were redesigned in the 17th century. A two-storey wing dates from 1613 and 1685.

Joseph Column

In 1786 the von Bourscheidt family donated the Josefsäule, a very rare form of statue in the Rhineland, to the Burgbrohl community. As early as the beginning of the 17th century there was a St. Joseph brotherhood in Burgbrohl, which was confirmed in a breve from Rome on September 10, 1669 .

Burgbrohl Castle and winery

Castle and village Burgbrohl 1852 - lithograph by H. von Dirks

Before the castle, which was destroyed in 1689, was rebuilt , the defense value of castles was greatly reduced at the beginning of the 18th century due to the new weapon technology. At the same time, efforts were made to improve the low quality of living in castles and to surround themselves with parks and gardens. Following these ideas, the castle plateau of the Burgbrohler complex was extended to the east by mighty retaining walls by almost 100 m. A park was created in the newly reclaimed area.
Since the reconstruction of the destroyed castle in 1731 by Kasper Franz von Bourscheidt and Isabella Countess von Schaesberg, the palace complex has consisted of two separate buildings. The first building is the cellar, also called the "castle", the second building is called the castle.

Economy and Infrastructure

Reception building of the station Burgbrohl of the Brohltalbahn

Since the 19th and 20th centuries, the development of the place has been very closely linked to the establishment of various industrial companies. Until the 20th century, the basis for all branches of industry were mineral resources, which in turn have their origin for the most part in past and ongoing volcanic activity. The line was only dismantled again in the 17th century, on the initiative of the Dutch, who rediscovered this valuable raw material for their hydraulic structures. They installed the first trass mills in the Brohl valley. In the middle of the 18th century, over 300 workers were employed in the Brohl Valley mines. During this time, the basalt quarries in Weyerbusch and Mauerlay were opened.

Economic activities reached a new dimension when the Rhodius brothers started producing paints with the aid of carbon dioxide in a newly built factory . At the end of the 19th century there were hectic efforts in the Brohl Valley to get hold of carbon dioxide sources. Today, the Air Liquide company in particular extracts the carbon dioxide from the Burgbrohler spring for the production of pure carbon dioxide in dry form. In the last few decades, the Rhodius brothers started producing beverages in addition to producing cutting discs. The location in one of the areas rich in hot spring and carbon dioxide also resulted in the presence of other branches of industry in this area: Another major employer is Heuft Systemtechnik GmbH, which has been producing control devices (e.g. empty bottle inspectors and labeling meshes), especially for Burgbrohl's beverage industry, since 1979 from worldwide distributes.

societies

Burgbrohl volunteer fire department

The Burgbrohl Volunteer Fire Brigade was founded in 1898. Today the Burgbrohl volunteer fire brigade is equipped with five vehicles as a base fire brigade . The Ahrweiler district has a sub-unit of the Ahrweiler hazardous goods train stationed in Burgbrohl. The fire brigade is currently deployed around 30 times a year with its 50 active members.

Sports Association 04/13 Burgbrohl e. V.

The SpVgg Burgbrohl joined together in 1934 out of the 1904 founded gymnastics club and the Football Association founded in 1913.

Lützinck dance group

The Lützinck dance group was founded in February 1971. The greatest successes were qualifying for the German championships in the 1980s and fourth place at the European championships in Genk in 1982 .

Sons and daughters of the church

• Felix Genn (* 1950), Bishop of Münster
• Johann Jakob Ewich (1788–1863), lord of Burgbrohl and teacher
• Karl Otto Jakob Ewich (1814–1894), doctor

See also

• Synagogue district Niederzissen

Web links

Commons : Burgbrohl  - Collection of Images

• Burgbrohl parish
• Literature about Burgbrohl in the Rhineland-Palatinate State Bibliography

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ↑ ^{a b} State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate - regional data
3. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality. Status: January 2019 ^{[ Version 2020 is available. ]} . S. 9 (PDF; 3 MB).
4. ↑ Official municipality directory 2006 ( Memento from December 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) (= State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 393 ). Bad Ems March 2006, p. 173 (PDF; 2.6 MB). Info: An up-to-date directory ( 2016 ) is available, but in the section "Territorial changes - Territorial administrative reform" it does not give any population figures.  
5. ↑ Official municipality directory (= State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 407 ). Bad Ems February 2016, p. 147 (PDF; 2.8 MB).
6. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections
7. ^ Schneider: With head and heart. Walter Schneider, source quoted: Rhein-Zeitung of May 23, 2007, accessed on August 3, 2020 . 
8. ^ The State Returning Officer of Rhineland-Palatinate: direct elections 2019. see Brohltal, Verbandsgemeinde, ninth line of results. Retrieved August 3, 2020 .