The winter has passed

Winter has passed is the title of a well-known German folk song that originally comes from the Netherlands .

origin

The earliest evidence of the song can be found "for the first time in a song manuscript from 1537 [...] from Gelderland". The author of the lyrics remains unknown. In the score Das kleine Volksliederbuch the origin of the text is given as around the year 1450. After Hoffmann von Fallersleben discovered The winter is gone in the middle of the 19th century, it was translated into German by Franz Magnus Böhme in 1877. According to the German song library, the melody comes from the lute book by Adriaen Jorisz Smout ( Thysius luitboek around 1600).

song lyrics

German Winter has passed 1. Winter has passed, I see May's glow, I see the flowers shining, my heart is delighted. So far in that valley, there is even being funny, the nightingales and many a forest bird sing . 2. I am going to cut a May through the green grass, give my loyalty the loyalty that I love most. And ask that she come, everyone stuck at the window, welcome May with flowers, it is well done. 3. And when the clean woman had heard his speech, there she stood sad, while she spoke the words: “I received May with great worthiness!” He kisses her on the cheeks, wasn't that honesty? 4. He took her bare in his arms, especially in mourning , the watchman on the walls began to sing a song and sang: “Is anyone still inside, he may soon be yawning home. I can clearly see the day coming through the clouds. ” 5. “ Oh watchman on the walls, how you torment me so hard! I lie in grief, my heart is in pain. That does the very dearest one I have to divorce from; I complain to the Lord God that I must let her ”. 6. Goodbye , my dearest, goodbye, beautiful little flower, goodbye, beautiful rose flower , it must be divorced! Until I come again, you will be my dearest; the heart in my body is always yours.

Middle Dutch The winter is over 1. The winter is over, I ski on me, I hang the bloemkens, I am hard on my feet. so ver aen ghenen dale daer is ghenoechlic sijn, daer singhet die Nachtegale, so menich woudvogkelkijn. 2. Ic wil den mei gaen houwen al in dat groene gras ende give mijn boel die trouwe die mi die lieveste was, ende bidden dat si wil comen al voor haer vensterken staen end ontfanghen den mei met bloemen, hi is so wel ghedaen. 3. En doe die suiverlike sijn talk hadde ghehoort, doe stont si trurentlike, met des Sprac si a word: ' I heb den mei ontfanghen' met groter eerwaerdicheit. hi cust si aen haer wanghen: what dat niet eerbaerheit? 4. Hi nam you special truren al in sijn aermkens blanc. die wachter op der muren die hief op een liet ende sanc: 'en is there somebody inside who makes wel thuiswaert. ic them the roof op dringhen al door the clouds claer. ' 5. 'Och ​​wachter op der muren hoe quelstu mi so hard! ic league in swaren truren, mijn herte dat smert. dat doet die alreliefste dat ic van haer parting moet, dat claghic god den heren dat ic si laten moet. ' 6. Adieu mijn alreliefste adieu schoon bloemken fijn, adieu schoon rosebloeme! daer moet ghescheiden sijn, hent dat ic neither come the ran soudt ghi sijn, dat herte in mines live dat hoort jo altijt dijn.

New Dutch The winter is over 1. The winter is over Ik zie des meien schijn Ik zie die bloemkens hang Des is mijn hart verblijd Zo ver aan genen dale Daar is' t genoeglijk zijn Daar zinget die Nachtegale So menig woudvogelkein. 2. Ik wil den mei gaen houwen Al in dat groene gras end donate mijn ran the trouwe Die mij die lieveste was end bidden, dat zij wil komen Al voor hair vensterken staan end ontvangen den mei met bloemen Hij is so welgedaan. 3. En toen die allerliefste Zijn woorden had gehoord Toen stond zij treuriglijke En sprak tot hem dit woord Ik heb die mei ontvangen Met groter waardigheid Hij kust hair aan hair cheeks Met groter eerbaarheid. 4. Hij nam hair zonder faithful Al in zijn armkens blank The wachter op de muren Hief op zijn lied en quarrel En is daar iemand inside Die mag wel thuiswaart gaan Ik zie de dag opdringen Al door the clouds clear. 5. Och wachter op die muren Hoe kwelt ge mij zo hard Ik lig in zware loyal Mijn hart dat lijdet smart Dat doet the very loveliest dat ik van hair cut moet dat klaag ik God den Here dat ik hair laten moet. 6. Adieu, mijn very good adieu, schoon bloemken fijn adieu, schoon rozebloeme Daar moet zijn zijn! Tot dat ik wederkome The delivered zoudt gij zijn Dat herte in mijnen lijve Dat hoort ja altijd dijn.

The text begins as a spring song: the flowers are blooming, the birds are singing, and May is near. The singer fetches a young birch tree (“a May to cut”) and places it - as was customary back then - in front of the window of his loved one (“Buhl”), who then listens to him and lets her chaste kissed cheek. The young man, however, has to leave (the reason is not given) and the gatekeeper warns that the gates will be closed soon. The singer has to say goodbye full of "heartache"; He is full of confidence that the dearest will remain loyal to him (“will you remain my dearest”) and assures her of his eternal love (“the heart in my body is always yours”). So the text ends as a love song and a farewell song.

If one looks at the ideology-free text, it is not surprising that the folk song was and is sung in all circles and at all times - be it folk or Nazi, youth movements, church-related or other provenance or before the First World War and after, at the time of Nazi regime and after the Second World War in the GDR or the FRG . Even in Italy it is sung as L'inverno è passato, l'aprile non c'è più , and in England it is known as The night of winter's over, the light of spring is here .

reception

Certainly, the popularity of a song cannot be determined by its publications in songbooks and sound carriers (including scores) alone, but they can provide certain information about its reception, although they cannot be used to make any statement about the frequency of singing or listening.

1908 to 1933

After the first publications in the 20th century in Zupfgeigenhansl (1908) and in Fahrender Gesellen Liederborn (1910), the song can also be found in school books, for example in the song book, 2nd part, intermediate level (3rd edition 1912) and in Der Maibaum - new German school singing book (1927). It appears in large numbers in the youth movement after the First World War: from Wandervogel's Singebuch (1915) and the Jungvolker - Lieder neudeutscher Jugend (1921) to songs from the Bundischen Jugend (1929). In addition, it was included in the songbook of the union of employees Seit an Seit (1923) and by the right-wing conservative Stahlhelm in the Stahlhelm Bundesliederbuch (4th volume 1924). Even before 1933, ethnic circles took over the song in their song books, for example in the song book of the Germans (Ed. Ludendorffs Volkswarte Verlag 1931).

1933 to 1945

After 1933 - if you consider the publication in numerous song books - the song experienced a downright boom. From the Hitler Youth ( We do not go under the sun , 1934) to the Nazi community Kraft durch Freude ( Werkfolk singen , 1936) or the German Labor Front to the Bund Deutscher Mädel ( Wir Mädel singen , 1937) and the Reichsarbeitsdienst ( Lieder der Arbeitsmaiden , 1938) - Winter has passed was sung everywhere . The Nazi regime did not want to be without it in many school books either: both in elementary schools (e.g. in Thuringian Folk Song Book, Part 2. 1934) and in higher schools (e.g. in Frisch gesungen, Volume 3 - choir book for the higher educational institutions of the female youth. 1936) and generally as a textbook for the German youth Sing Kamerad (publisher Central Association of the NSDAP , 1937). In 1944 the song was included in the choir book for Front and Home Comradeship in the song published by the Army High Command . What is noticeable about the songbooks edited by the Nazis is that the majority of them conceal their Dutch origin; they “tried to certify that this song had a German descent” .

From 1946

In the first songbooks published after the Second World War, The Winter Is Past was also represented, for example in 1946 in: Wir Falken singen und Where we find ourselves . In 1951, in the GDR, too, it was taken over in Reicht dich die hands - song book of peace and - although apolitical - even in the FDJ song book Leben Singen Fights (1964) and later also in the folk and time song book: Well, the time is coming . In the " Großer Steinitz ", however, it was not recorded. How popular the spring song was and is is shown by the takeover of numerous long-playing records and CDs, of which the albums of the book guild Gutenberg Freche Lieder - liebe Lieder (episode 1, 1987), of Das Beste aus Reader Digest The most beautiful folk songs (1989) and of Nena - with a modified text - Unser Apfelhaus (1995) and especially by Hannes Wader Volkssänger (1975) and Der Volkssänger (Disc 2, 2004) have achieved high editions.

Of the numerous song books published after 1946 (the extensive collection of the Canadian collector Hubertus Schelling alone has over 350 song books with the spring song), only a few are mentioned here, for example the mouth organ published in 1953 with a text circulation of ten million sold by the end of 2012 (sheet music edition four Millions) and probably the most extensive German-language songbook Deutschland im Volkslied - 714 songs from German-speaking landscapes and Europe (1958) as well as probably the most beautiful edition, illustrated by Tomi Ungerer , Edition Das große Deutsche Liederbuch - 204 German folk songs and children's songs (1975). The great number of scores of which the German Music Archive has collected 17 in the past five years alone shows how much people love to sing Winter is by now.

literature

• Wilhelm Weismann: The small folk song book. - Selected song sets for 3 mixed voices. CF Peters, Leipzig 1935 u.ö., ISMN 979-0-0140-2955-5 (search in the DNB portal) ( publisher information ).
• Ludwig Erk , Franz Magnus Böhme : German song library . Volume 2. Breitkopf & Härtel, Wiesbaden 1894, p. 204 f. ( Digitized version ).

Web links

• Winter has passed in the song project by Carus-Verlag and SWR2
• Choral Setting (SATB) : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Frauke Schmitz-Gropengiesser, Eckhard John: Winter has passed (2009). In: Popular and Traditional Songs. Historical-critical song lexicon of the German Folk Song Archive
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Winter has passed on deutscheslied.com
3. ↑ ^{a b} August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben: Dutch folk songs, collected and explained by Hoffmann von Fallersleben. Second edition. Carl Rümpler, Hanover 1856. p. 151, no. 63 ( digitized in the Google book search).
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Franz Magnus Böhme: Old German song book: Folk songs of the Germans by word and wise from the 12th to the 17th century. Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig 1877. P. 212 ff., No. 114 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
5. ↑ Ludwig Erk , Franz Magnus Böhme : German song library . Volume 2. Breitkopf & Härtel, Wiesbaden 1894, p. 204 f. ( Digitized version ).
6. ↑ Winter has passed ( Memento of the original from April 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. aufommunityfrei-lieder.de According to De vrije encyclopedie, the name is Adriaan Joriszoon Smout (1580 to 1646), who published the Luitboek van Thysius . 
7. ^ For example, in Hoffmann von Fallersleben (1856). In the folk song archive it says differently and closer to the modern Dutch text: "And when the very dearest / heard his speech / there she stood sad / and spoke a word to him".
8. ↑ Hans Breuer (ed.): Der Zupfgeigenhansl. 10th edition. Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig 1913, p. 121 f. ( Digitized version ).
9. ↑ Dutch original version with modernized spelling and grammar from http://www.liedjeskist.nl/liedjes_a-z/d-liedjes/die_winter_is_vergangen.htm
10. ↑ Winter has passed on ingeb.org