Devlet II. Giray

Devlet II. Giray (* 1648 ; † 1719 in Vize , Eastern Thrace ) was from 1699 to 1702 and from 1709 to 1713 Khan of the Crimean Tatars .

First government (1699–1702)

On the recommendation of his predecessor Selim I Giray , Devlet II Giray became Khan of the Crimean Tatars in 1699. He took office at a difficult time, as disputes and rebellions broke out, which Devlet had put down. Soon he also ran into problems with external powers, especially with Russia , which under Tsar Peter I was seeking access to the Black Sea . Although Devlet his feudal lord in Istanbul before the expansion plans of the Czar in the Ukraine warned signed the Sublime Porte in 1699 the Peace of Karlowitz . When the Khan was now preparing for war on his own, Sultan Mustafa II enforced the replacement of Devlet by his predecessor Selim I. Giray.

Second government (1709-1713)

The second reign of Devlet coincided with the victory of Peter the Great over the Swedish king Charles XII. near Poltava in Ukraine . After the battle, Devlet took up the defeated Swedes and allowed the allied Cossacks Ivan Masepas to settle on the lower Dnieper in the area of ​​the Crimean Khanate.

Then he urged together with Karl XII. at the Sublime Porte to resume the war against Russia. The revanchist efforts of the Swedish king finally succeeded and culminated in the 4th Russian Turkish War . Devlet II. Giray invaded Ukraine in January 1711 with over 80,000 Tatars , supported by 10,000 pro-Swedish Ukrainian Cossacks , more than 4,000 Poles and 700 Swedes, but was driven back to the Crimea in March by Russian and Russian-friendly Cossack troops . After the Russian invasion of Moldova was stopped by Grand Vizier Baltaji Mehmed Pascha am Prut in the summer of 1711, the Peace of the Prut finally came about , which forced Russia to return the Azov fortress that had been won twelve years earlier .

Unlike Sultan Ahmed III. were Charles XII. and Devlet II Giray by no means happy about the peace agreement. They therefore accused the Grand Vizier of having allowed Peter I to bribe him, and so achieved his replacement. Two years later, Devlet also fell out of favor because he was accused of having denied the King of Sweden the due respect and disregarded his orders in the scuffle at Bender . The Khan of the Crimean Khanate was deposed and exiled to Rhodes . He was later allowed to move to Vize in Eastern Thrace , where he died in 1719.

See also

• List of Crimean khans

Web links

• The Giray Dynasty (English)