Diospyros montana
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Diospyros montana |
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Diospyros montana , rarely also called tandam, is a species of ebony tree ( Diospyros ) inthe ebony family (Ebenaceae).
description
Appearance and leaf
Diospyros montana is an evergreen, medium-sized tree with a stature height of up to 15 meters and trunk diameters of up to 60 cm. The trunks are prickly and have a gray, dark bark that peels off in irregular platelets. The branches are sometimes prickly. The cross-section of the pedunculate, slender twigs have an initially downy, hairy bark .
The alternate and two rows of leaves on the branches are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The 0.5 to 1.0 cm long petiole is furrowed or planoconvex and hairy. The leathery, shiny, simple leaf blade is 3 to 11 cm long and 1.4 to 5 cm wide, mostly ovoid-elongated with a truncated to almost heart-shaped, sometimes rounded blade base and a pointed or blunt upper end. Both leaf surfaces are initially soft and downy and hairy later. The midrib is flat or somewhat runny at the top. There are 5 to 9 pairs of thin lateral nerves.
Inflorescence and flower
Diospyros montana is dioeciously segregated ( diocesan ). Three to ten male flowers stand together in lateral, zymous inflorescences and there are small bracts . The flowers have a double flower envelope . The male flowers are greenish-white and usually four, rarely five-fold. The female flowers stand individually on short flower stalks in the leaf axils. In male flowers there are 16 to 20 stamens , the stamens of which are inserted at the base of the corolla tube. The female flowers are white to pale pink and four-fold. There are four styluses that end in two-forked scars .
Fruit and seeds
With a diameter of 1 to 4 cm, the berries are orange in color when ripe and have a sweet-sour, fruity taste. The berries usually contain four to eight, sometimes two blackish-brown seeds.
distribution
Diospyros montana occurs in India (for example in the entire Western Ghats ), Sri Lanka , Nepal , Myanmar , Indochina , Taiwan , on the Malay Archipelago , Sulawesi and in tropical areas of Australia (northern Queensland and northeastern Western Australia).
In India, Diospyros montana thrives in dry forests to disturbed evergreen forests at altitudes of up to 800 meters.
use
The fruits are eaten as fruit. They are also used in jams, dried or in some regions they are used to prepare a slightly alcoholic drink.
Taxonomy
The first publication of Diospyros montana was made in 1795 by William Roxburgh in Plants of the Coast of Coromandel 1, page 37, Table 48. homonyms are Diospyros montana Pancher & Sebert ( Notice sur les bois de la Nouvelle Calédonie , 1873, p 197) and Diospyros montana B. Heyne ex A.DC. ( Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis , 8, 1844, p. 239). Synonyms for Diospyros montana Roxb. are: Diospyros cordifolia Roxb. , Diospyros Montana var. Cordifolia (Roxb.) Hiern.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Diospyros montana in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Diospyros montana Roxb. - Ebenaceae on biotik.org.
- ↑ a b c d e Diospyros montana at globinmed.com.
- ↑ a b c First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
- ^ Diospyros montana at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
literature
- Rolf Blancke: Color atlas of exotic fruits: fruits and vegetables of the tropics and subtropics. Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3520-5 .
Web links
- Diospyros montana at Useful Tropical Plants.