Double-eyed Moorish butterfly
| Double-eyed Moorish butterfly | ||||||||||||
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Double-eyed Mohrenfalter ( Erebia oeme ) |
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| Erebia oeme | ||||||||||||
| ( Huebner , 1804) |
The double-eyed Mohrenfalter ( Erebia oeme ) is a butterfly (day butterfly ) from the family of the noble butterfly (Nymphalidae). The specific epithet is derived from Oeme, one of the fifty daughters of Danaos from Greek mythology .
features
butterfly
The fore wings have a wingspan of about 28 to 36 millimeters. They are dark brown in color and vary in the clarity of the eye spots. The slightly lighter colored females show more strongly developed eye-spots, both on the fore and on the hind wings. Most butterflies have a short reddish-brown band with two very close together, clear eye-spots in the post-disk region of the forewings, which can also be referred to as double eyes and thus led to the German name of the species. The undersides of the wings are dark brown to yellow-brown, almost without drawing, and show very clearly translucent white-centered eye-spots.
Egg, caterpillar, pupa
The egg is shiny whitish in color and has weak ribs. The adult caterpillars are dominated by a clay-yellow color, which is interrupted by narrow, purple-brown stripes on the back and equally colored, wider foot stripes. The dark veined wing sheaths stand out clearly on the yellowish-toned doll .
Similar species
There is a certain similarity to the round-eyed Moorish butterfly ( Erebia medusa ), however, the inside of the bulb of the antennae is black with oeme , while with medusa it has a reddish brown tint.
distribution and habitat
The double-eyed black butterfly occurs in the Alps , the Pyrenees , the Velebit , the Rhodope and the Carpathian Mountains , predominantly between 900 and 2000 meters. He prefers wet meadows, mountain moors and moist forest clearings.
Way of life
The moths fly in one generation from June to August. The main forage plants of the caterpillars are various grasses, for example:
- Alpine bluegrass ( Poa alpina )
- Meadow bluegrass ( Poa pratensis )
- Grove bluegrass ( Poa nemoralis )
- Common red fescue ( Festuca rubra )
- Blue-green sedge ( Carex flacca )
- Horst sedge ( Carex sempervirens )
- Common trembling grass ( Briza media )
- Blue pipegrass ( Molinia caerula ).
The species has a two-year development cycle in the high mountains.
Danger
In Germany the species occurs only in the Bavarian Alps, where it is numerous in places. It is listed on the Red List of Endangered Species, but on the warning list.
swell
Individual evidence
- ^ Arnold Spuler: The butterflies of Europe . tape 1 . E. Schweitzerbartsche Verlagbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1908, p. 36 .
- ↑ Walter Forster, Theodor A. Wohlfahrt: The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 2: Butterflies. (Rhopalocera and Hesperiidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1955, DNB 456642188 .
- ↑ a b c Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07573-7 .
- ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany . Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9 .
literature
- Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07573-7 .
- Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 2: Butterflies. (Rhopalocera and Hesperiidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1955, DNB 456642188 .
Web links
- www.lepiforum.de Taxonomy and photos
- www.schmetterlinge-deutschlands.de Endangerment
- Erebia oeme at Fauna Europaea
- Erebia oeme inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Posted by: van Swaay, C., Wynhoff, I., Verovnik, R., Wiemers, M., López Munguira, M., Maes, D., Sasic, M., Verstrael, T., Warren, M. & Settele, J., 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2014.