Grove bluegrass

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Grove bluegrass
Grove bluegrass (Poa nemoralis), illustration

Grove bluegrass ( Poa nemoralis ), illustration

Systematics
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Pooideae
Genre : Bluegrass ( Poa )
Type : Grove bluegrass
Scientific name
Poa nemoralis
L.

The grove bluegrass ( Poa nemoralis ) is a type of plant from the genus of the bluegrass ( Poa ), which belongs to the sweet grass family (Poaceae). It is widespread in Europe and northern Asia, in North America there are naturalized occurrences as well as the closely related Poa interior , which some authors consider as a subspecies of the grove bluegrass . Because of its characteristic horizontal or upright protruding leaves, similar to an outstretched arm, it is also called "signpost grass".

It is occasionally used as a component of shade lawn mixes .

description

inflorescence
Habitus

The grove bluegrass is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows like clumps and reaches heights of 20 to 50, according to other information up to 80 centimeters. The root system is shallow. The leaf blade is 1 to 2 millimeters wide, a longitudinal groove is visible next to the middle leaf vein. The tip of the leaf is rarely pulled together like a hood. The leaf base has no eyelashes, the ligule is white, it is short and ends truncated. The upright leaf blade of the top leaf is noticeable, it is the same length as its leaf sheath.

The little flowered, paniculate inflorescence is slightly sloping at its tip. The individual spikelets are 4 to 5 millimeters long and contain only one, according to other authors 2 to 5 hermaphrodite flowers . The lemma is hairy and green, this and the glumes are clearly keeled. Awns are not present.

The flowering time for Central Europe is given as June to July, the Flora of China names May to June, in Sweden the flowering time extends from July to September.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28 or 42, also 14, 35, 56, 70.

ecology

Infestation with the fungus Epichloe typhina can result in white, later musty-like shells around the stem of the grove bluegrass, sometimes also of other species.

Occurrence

The distribution area of ​​the grove bluegrass includes the subarctic and temperate zones of the northern hemisphere as well as northwestern Africa. In the Alps, the grove bluegrass usually rises to an altitude of 2000 meters, in China it occurs at altitudes between 1000 and 4200 meters. In Bavaria, in the Allgäu Alps, it rises on the ridges of the Höfats up to 2200 meters above sea level. The grove bluegrass is generally found in deciduous forests, especially in clear areas, on the edge of the forest or on hedges. It prefers fresh soils that are rich in nutrients, humus and only moderately acidic. It is a species of character belonging to the Querco-Fagetea class.

Systematics and chromosome numbers

The grove bluegrass was in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in the first volume of Species Plantarum on page 69 first published . The specific epithet nemoralis is the Latin adjective of nemus , "grove, forest".

Different clans of the grove bluegrass can be distinguished by the number of chromosomes . Often 2n = 28 and 42 occur, 2n = 14, 35, 56 and 70 were also counted. The grove bluegrass forms variable and difficult to distinguish hybrids with related species, which can reproduce through agamospermia , for example with the swamp bluegrass ( Poa palustris ), the blue-green bluegrass ( Poa glauca ), with Poa nemoraliformis and Poa versicolor .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bavarian State Ministry for Environment and Health: Autochthonous seeds and seedlings - regular seed mixtures (RSM). ( Online ; PDF file; 109 kB)
  2. ↑ a b c d e Erich Oberdorfer: Plant-sociological excursion flora . 7th edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7 , pp. 221-224 .
  3. ^ A b Robert J. Soreng: Poa. (No longer available online.) In: Grass Manual on the web. Utah State University, archived from the original on June 11, 2011 ; Retrieved April 11, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / herbarium.usu.edu
  4. ↑ a b c d e Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 , p. 672.
  5. ↑ Thomas A. Cope: Poa nemoralis . In: SI Ali, M. Qaiser (Ed.): Flora of Pakistan . Poaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, S. 413 ( eFloras.org ).
  6. ↑ a b c d Guanghua Zhu, Liang Liu, Robert J. Soreng & Marina V. Olonova: Poa : Poa nemoralis , p. 299 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China , Volume 22 - Poaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2006. ISBN 1-930723-50-4
  7. ↑ Lundgröe - Poa nemoralis L. In: The virtual floran. Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, accessed on April 11, 2011 .
  8. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 224.
  9. ↑ Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of the plants of Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait . 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
  10. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Poa nemoralis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved November 13, 2016.
  11. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 188.

Web links

Commons : Grove Bluegrass  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files