Emil Dovifat

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Berlin memorial plaque in Charlottenburger Strasse 2, Berlin-Zehlendorf
Signature Dovifat 1961.jpg

Emil Alfons Dovifat (born December 27, 1890 in Neutral-Moresnet , † October 8, 1969 in West Berlin ) was a German journalist and one of the founders of journalism in Germany .

Life

Emil Dovifat, the son of a pharmacist, came from a Catholic family and went to school in Cologne . He then studied in Munich and Leipzig . After returning from the First World War , he began a journalistic career. In 1921 Dovifat became a co-founder of the German , the organ of the Christian Trade Union Federation , and in 1927 its editor-in-chief . From 1924 he worked parallel to this as an assistant at the newly founded German Institute for Newspaper Science and became its director in 1928. His deputy was Hans Amandus Münster . In 1926 Dovifat was appointed associate professor for newspaper studies and general journalism at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin . There he taught a democratic and pluralistic oriented journalism.

In 1920 Dovifat's daughter Dorothee was born. In the post-war period she wrote for various newspapers, including Der Tag , under her father's chief editor.

Career in the Third Reich

After taking power in 1933, Dovifat initially had difficulties and was briefly retired as a professor in 1934.

Dovifat showed no understanding for “March rabbits” - people who joined the NSDAP in March 1933 in order to avoid professional disadvantages and / or gain advantages; Most of the members of the Reich Association of the German Press joined the NSDAP or one of its affiliated associations after advertising or pressure from the NSDAP.

After his rehabilitation, his relationship with the NSDAP improved. In the 2nd edition of his standard work Zeitungslehre , he wrote in 1944: “In the National Socialist state, the newspaper was no longer a means of internal political power struggle, but a means of guiding the internal unity of the nation. In war this task is only given to it more decisively. It has to be a particularly powerful weapon in the spiritual world struggle that accompanies the military armed forces. "

He worked for the Reich Propaganda Ministry , the Air Force Command Staff and gave lectures in war reporting schools of the Army and the SS .

In 1940 Dovifat was the doctoral supervisor of the journalist and later a prominent pollster Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann .

post war period

In 1945 Dovifat co-founded the Eastern CDU and publisher of the daily newspaper Neue Zeit . In 1948 he co-founded the daily newspaper Der Tag and the Free University of Berlin in West Berlin . There he became director of the "Institute for Journalism" and at the same time taught at the re-established German University of Politics (DHfP).

He was chairman of the board of directors of Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk (NWDR), and later, in December 1953, member of the board of directors of Sender Free Berlin (SFB). In 1956 he co-founded the journal Publizistik. Quarterly books for communication research , 1963 of the German Society for Journalism and Communication Studies .

Emil Dovifat's grave in the Zehlendorf cemetery

Emil Dovifat died in Berlin in 1969 at the age of 78. His grave is in the Zehlendorf cemetery . From 1992 to 2014 the final resting place of Emil Dovifat was dedicated as an honorary grave for the State of Berlin .

Awards

Works

  • The newspapers . Flamberg Verlag, Gotha 1925
  • American journalism . German publishing company, Stuttgart 1927
  • Ways and goals of newspaper science work . W. de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1929
  • Newspaper science . 2 vol., De Gruyter, Berlin 1931
  • Speech and speaker; their nature and political power . Leipzig, Bibliographical Institute 1937
  • Newspaper apprenticeship . 2 vol., De Gruyter, Berlin 1937
  • Newspaper apprenticeship. I. Volume. Theoretical and legal foundations - message and opinion - language and form ; II. Volume. Editing, the divisions, publishing and sales, business and technology, securing the public task . 4th edition (Göschen Collection, Volume 1039/1040). Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1962 (6th edition 1976)
  • (as ed.): Handbook of the foreign press , Bonn 1960
  • Journalism . 4 vols., Rheinisch-Bergische Druckerei u. Verl. Ges., Düsseldorf 1960–1969
  • Handbook of Journalism . 3 vol., De Gruyter, Berlin 1968–1969
  • The NWDR in Berlin: 1946-1954 . Haude and Spener, Berlin 1970, ISBN 3-7759-0127-2

Literature / broadcasts

  • Klaus-Ulrich Benedikt: Emil Dovifat: A Catholic university professor and publicist . Matthias Grünewald Verlag, Mainz 1986, ISBN 3-7867-1264-6 .
  • Lutz Hachmeister : Theoretical journalism. Studies on the history of communication science in Germany , Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-89166-044-8 .
  • Dorothee von Dadelsen (ed.): The journalistic personality [in Memoriam Emil Dovifat on his 100th birthday on December 27, 1990] . de Gruyter, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-11-012335-5 .
  • Bernd Sösemann (Ed.): Emil Dovifat: Studies and documents on life and work . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1998, ISBN 3-11-015771-3 .
  • Otto Köhler : Weird Publicists: The Repressed Past of Media Makers . Knaur, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-426-80071-3 .
  • Short biography for:  Dovifat, Emil . In: Who was who in the GDR? 5th edition. Volume 1. Ch. Links, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 .
  • Julia Schäfer (author of the manuscript): October 8, 1969: The anniversary of the death of the German journalist Emil Dovifat . Broadcast in the series WDR-ZeitZeichen , 14:35 min., WDR 5 from October 8, 2014.
  • Juliane Pfeiffer: Emil Dovifat . In: Michael Meyen / Thomas Wiedemann (Hrsg.): Biographical Lexicon of Communication Science. Verlag Herbert von Halem, Cologne 2018. Entry by J. Pfeiffer: Emil Dovifat (accessed November 1, 2018).

Web links

Commons : Emil Dovifat  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Manfred Agethen: Dovifat, Emil . Vita on the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung website , accessed on April 10, 2016.
  2. ↑ Bernd Sösemann : For historical orientation: Reich Association of the German Press on Nazi course . Website of the German Press Museum in the Ullsteinhaus , accessed on April 10, 2016.
  3. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 672.
  4. ↑ Manfred Agethen: History of the CDU: Emil Dovifat . Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung website , accessed on April 10, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Dovifat, Emil
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dovifat, Emil Alfons
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German journalist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH December 27, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Neutral Moresnet
DATE OF DEATH October 8, 1969
Place of death Berlin