JJ Augustin printer

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JJ Augustin printer

logo
legal form GmbH
founding 1632
Seat Glückstadt
management Michael and Cornelia Reimers
Branch printing house

The J. J. Augustin printing shop has been a typesetting and printing shop with a publishing department in Glückstadt , which has existed since 1632. In the days of manual metal typesetting, it was important for scientific print products, especially for Asian fonts. Since 2014 there has been an initiative in Glückstadt to found a museum in the company's historic rooms. As part of the museum, typesetting and printing with lead letters on the old original machines will be demonstrated.

history

Andreas Koch's book printing company in Glückstadt had existed since 1632 , and was approved by the Danish King Christian IV and primarily covered the government's needs for the royal shares of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein. In 1775, the Jakob Johann Augustin family took over the business under the name that still exists today and provided the book printers that were then employed by the king. At that time, Augustin published, for example, the Schleswig-Holstein advertisements and the Glückstädter Fortuna newspaper . Until 1864, when the Danish king had to give up Schleswig-Holstein after the German-Danish War, the printer was paid 40 Reichstaler .

The printing works building ensemble from the 1880s in Glückstadt

In the years that followed, the company expanded and gained international importance in the first half of the 20th century, because now, thanks to a collaboration between the then company boss Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin and the Hamburg Colonial Institute , a forerunner of the university, from 1912 letters for Asian and Egyptian fonts Hieroglyphs were acquired and the typesetters received appropriate training. As a result, the printing works achieved a position in Germany that only the Reichsdruckerei and the Drugulin office were otherwise able to achieve . To speed up typesetting, the stacked boxes of around 12,000 Chinese characters in the typesetting shop were rationally arranged in a circle so that typesetters no longer had to walk along meter-long shelves in search of a specific character. This arrangement of the type cases was known as the so-called Chinese circle or circus . This enabled the company to carry out orders for decades that other printing companies could not handle.

Over the years, orders from abroad were added; in 1938 the company set up an illustrated book for the English royal family about the coronation of the Indian viceroy in Indian script. During the National Socialist era , Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin, the then owner of the printing works, took on Jimmy Ernst , the son of the Jewish art historian Louise Straus and the surrealist artist Max Ernst , as an apprentice, who worked in the company from 1935 to 1938, until Augustin received a visa for him the USA procured. At the beginning of 1936, Johannes Jakob Augustin, the owner's son, went to New York to expand the company's publishing department. The newly founded American company was to publish specialist books in English independently of the parent company. The print jobs continued to go to Glückstadt. Franz Boas had his Kwakiutl Tales printed in Glückstadt in 1935 . The books published in New York included the illustrated book Egypt with photographs by George Hoyningen-Huene and text by Georg Steindorff . Numerous scientific journals were printed in Glückstadt, including the magazine of the German Oriental Society (until 1992).

With the advent of photo typesetting and later desktop publishing since the 1970s, the old printing house, which was converted into a GmbH in 1977 , lost its former importance and was modernized between 1978 and 1982 after a rescue company was established. The sponsoring association “Signs of the World” has existed since 2014, aiming to transform the largely original print shop in the historic building into a museum.

owner

Tomb for Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin (1878–1938).
The Chinese inscription
宵 衣 旰食
means in German
Work hard and self-sacrificingly
  • Jacob Johann Augustin (1775–1806)
  • Johann Wilhelm Augustin (1806-1852)
  • Wilhelm Augustin (1852–1874)
  • Jacob Johann Augustin (1874–1905)
  • Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin (1905–1938)
  • Hedwig Augustin (1938–1952)
  • KG with Hedwig Augustin, son Hans Augustin and daughter Marianne von Nostitz as partner (1953–1958)
  • Marianne von Nostitz (1958–1964)
  • Hans-Joachim Heinrich Augustin-von Nostitz (1964–1977)
  • GmbH ( rescue company ) (1977–1982)
  • Walter and Helga Prueß (1982–2012)
  • Cornelia Reimers (daughter of Walter and Helga Prueß) and Michael Reimers (since 2012)

Fonts

The fonts used by the printer in 1937 included the following languages: Arabic , Armenian , Ethiopian-Amharic , Bengali , Burmese , Chinese, Georgian , Greek , Hebrew , Hettite, hieroglyphics, Japanese , Javanese, cuneiform , Coptic , Libyan , Malay, Manchu Mongolian , Meroitic (Kaschitic), Pahlavik, Parsik, Papyrus Greek , Pahlavi, Persian , Runes , Russian , Sanskrit , Sabaean , Syriac , Tamul, Tartar, Tibetan and Turkish .

Honors

Trivia

The inscription on Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin's tombstone: The strange book printer is explained as follows:

In the years 1926 and 1935–1937, Augustin presented the participants of the German Orientalist Day with a calendar for the following year. Proverbs and riddles were printed in it in different languages. The dedication in front was: “A strange calendar for strange people from a strange printer”.

Publications (selection)

  • Hans Jensen: The writing in the past and present. J. J. Augustin, Glückstadt around 1930, OCLC 432346849 .
  • Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin, Wanda Oesau: 300 years of book printers in Glückstadt . J. J. Augustin, Glückstadt 1932, OCLC 52164719 .
  • Christoph Weber, Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin, Andreas Koch, Schleswig-Holstein University Society, Kiel University Library: Andreas Koch: Glückstadt's first printer. 1632-1656. For the 300th anniversary of the formerly Royal Priv. Printer handed over to the current owner Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin. from the Univers. Bibl. Kiel and Schleswig-Holst. University Society . Shepherd, Breslau 1932, OCLC 256860164 .
  • Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin: Script samples. Oriental types as well as phonetic accents . J. J. Augustin, 1933, OCLC 652250798 .
  • Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin, Wanda Oesau: The Glückstädter Buchdruckerei J. J. Augustin under Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin . Augustin, Glückstadt December 28, 1950, OCLC 256673768 (published on December 28, 1950 on the day of the 175th anniversary of the J. J. Augustin family [Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin in memory]).
  • J. J. Augustin (Ed.): A peculiar calendar for peculiar people from a peculiar printing house: the peculiar calendar ... continued; for the year… J. J. Augustin printing works, Glückstadt 1926, OCLC 907771176 .
  • W. Kayser: Augustin, J. J. , in: Lexicon of the entire book system. 2nd edition ISBN 3-7772-8721-0 , Volume 1 (1987), p. 176.

Literature and film

  • Jimmy Ernst : Not exactly a still life. Memories of my father Max Ernst. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 1991, ISBN 3-462-02154-0 . In the book chapter Darkness above everything , the son of the surrealist artist Max Ernst describes his experiences in National Socialist Germany up to 1938. He describes his living conditions and his apprenticeship as a typesetter in the Glückstadt print shop Augustin. He also mentions that the printing company did both orders from the German navy , especially service regulations, and orders from American scientists and anthropologists who took racial ideology ad absurdum. Above all, the support from the then owner of the company, Heinrich Wilhelm Augustin, a German national entrepreneur who not only provided financial help, but was also able to get him a visa for the USA through his son's New York publishing house, is particularly appreciated.
  • Christian Bau (Ed.): Onion Fish, Jimmy Ernst, Glückstadt - New York. Black Art, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-927840-40-9 .
  • Documentary onion fish - Jimmy Ernst, Glückstadt - New York by Christian Bau and Artur Dieckhoff, 2010.
  • Georg Lehner: The Printing of Chinese Characters in Europe: Developments in the 19th Century . Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2004 ISBN 9783447050050 , JJ Augustin from p. 146 . Text excerpt from Google Books
  • Karl Nissen: 350 years of book printer in Glückstadt , Verlag Augustin Glückstadt 1982, text and images, short excerpts from Google Books

Web links

Commons : Druckerei JJ Augustin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Characters of a Printed History. In: Future Media. 1/2015, pp. 44/45. (PDF)
  2. ^ New book with old writings from the J. J. Augustin printing works. In: Norddeutsche Rundschau. Retrieved October 31, 2015 .
  3. ^ Georg Lehner: The printing of Chinese characters in Europe: Developments in the 19th century. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2004 ISBN 9783447050050 , p. 146f
  4. ↑ Printing house of great importance. In: Norddeutsche Rundschau from November 12, 2012.
  5. ^ Wanda Oesau: The Glückstädter Buchdruckerei J. J. Augustin. Glückstadt 1950.
  6. ↑ Ulrich Greiner: The power of writings. In: The time. Online from November 15, 2012.
  7. ^ Franz Boas: Kwakiutl Tales. New Series. Part I: Translations. (= Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology, Vol. XXVI) Columbia University Press, New York, 1935.
  8. ^ Egypt by [Baron] George Hoyningen-Huene with text by George Steindorff. J. J. Augustin Publisher, 1943.
  9. ^ Georg Lehner: The printing of Chinese characters in Europe: Developments in the 19th century. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2004 ISBN 9783447050050 , p. 147
  10. ↑ Signs of the world Glückstadt : Chronicle Augustin (PDF)
  11. ↑ J. J. Augustin: Support association founded In: Norddeutsche Rundschau. from October 16, 2014.
  12. ↑ Jimmy Ernst: Not exactly a still life: memories of my father Max Ernst. Cologne 1991, p. 169 (Jimmy Ernst tells in detail in his book in the Darkness chapter about everything about his apprenticeship as a typesetter in Heinrich Augustin's printing works)
  13. ↑ The characters literally mean “dress at night, eat late at night” and are a short form of 勤 民 听政 、 旰 衣 宵 食 the said proverb.
  14. ↑ According to Signs of the World Glückstadt : Chronicle Augustin (Pdf)
  15. ↑ Albert Schramm : Fonts for Foreign Languages. Attempt to compile the most important type foundries of our time. Heckner, Wolfenbüttel 1938, pp. 12/13. (Full text, PDF, online)
  16. ↑ No luck in Glückstadt. In: The daily newspaper from September 15, 2010.


Coordinates: 53 ° 47 ′ 23.3 "  N , 9 ° 25 ′ 12"  E