Jungle bells

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Jungle bells
Gold trumpet (Allamanda cathartica)

Gold trumpet ( Allamanda cathartica )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Order : Enzianartige (Gentianales)
Family : Dog poison family (Apocynaceae)
Subfamily : Rauvolfioideae
Tribe : Plumerieae
Genre : Jungle bells
Scientific name
Allamanda
L.
Allamanda angustifolia
Allamanda blanchetii
Gold trumpet fruits ( Allamanda cathartica )
Allamanda oenotherifolia , illustration
Allamanda schottii
Allamanda schottii

Jungle bells ( Allamanda ), also known as Allmande or gold trumpets, are a genus of the dog poison family (Apocynaceae). They are native to tropical America . The number of species that are assigned to this genus is disputed; most authors assume 12 to 15 species.

description

They are mostly evergreen shrubs , some species climb and reach heights of growth of up to 450 centimeters. The shiny leaves sit in whorls on the soft stems , which release a clear, poisonous milky sap when injured .

Typical of the species is the formation of colorful, large, mostly yellow flowers. The petals are fused.

use

Jungle bells are occasionally offered in Europe as indoor plants for rooms or winter gardens . However, some species have high demands on humidity and thrive best in a greenhouse. Only cultivated forms are suitable for keeping in the apartment.

Systematics

The first description of the genus by Carl von Linné was published in 1771, who named it after Frédéric-Louis Allamand . There are about 12 to 30 species in the genus Allamanda . Here is a list of the recognized species, with a reference to the publication with the year of publication of the first description being given in addition to the botanical author abbreviation. The home area is also specified:

  • Allamanda angustifolia Pohl : It occurs in west-central Brazil.
  • Allamanda blanchetii A.DC. : It occurs in northeastern Brazil.
  • Allamanda calcicola Souza-Silva & Rapini : The species first described in 2009 occurs in Brazil from southwestern Bahia to northern Minas Gerais.
  • Gold trumpet ( Allamanda cathartica ) L. (Syn .: Allamanda aubletii Pohl ): It occurs in tropical America from Honduras to Brazil.
  • Allamanda doniana Müll.Arg. : It occurs from Venezuela to northern and northeastern Brazil.
  • Allamanda laevis Markgr. : It occurs in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Minas Gerais.
  • Allamanda martii Garbage. Arg. : It occurs in eastern Brazil.
  • Allamanda nobilis T.Moore : It occurs from Venezuela to northern Brazil.
  • Allamanda oenotherifolia Pohl : It occurs in west-central and south-east Brazil.
  • Allamanda polyantha trash.Arg. : It occurs in the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo.
  • Allamanda puberula A.DC. : It occurs in Brazil.
  • Allamanda schottii Pohl . A synonym is Allamanda cathartica var. Schottii (Pohl) LH Bailey & Raffill . It is native to French Guiana and from southern and southeastern Brazil to Corrientes in Argentina.
  • Allamanda setulosa Miq. : It only occurs in Suriname.
  • Allamanda thevetifolia Müll.Arg. : It occurs from eastern Colombia to southern Venezuela.
  • Allamanda weberbaueri Markgr. : It only occurs in Peru.

Currently not recognized descriptions of species and varieties are:

  • Allamanda angustifolia var. Psilophylla Müll.Arg. in CFP by Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6 (1): 16 (1860).
  • Allamanda aubletii Pohl , Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 75 (1827).
  • Allamanda brasiliensis Schott ex Pohl , Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 73 (1827), nom. inval.
    • Allamanda cathartica var. Grandiflora L.H.Bailey & Raffill in LHBailey, Cycl. Amer. Hoard. 1: 247 (1914).
    • Allamanda cathartica var. Hendersonii (W.Bull ex Dombr.) LHBailey & Raffill in LHBailey, Cycl. Amer. Hoard. 1: 247 (1914).
    • Allamanda cathartica var. Nobilis (T.Moore) LHBailey & Raffill in LHBailey, Stand. Cycl. Hoard. 1: 247 (1914).
    • Allamanda cathartica f. salicifolia (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Voss , Vilm. Flower garden. ed. 3, 1: 655 (1895).
    • Allamanda cathartica var. Schottii (Pohl) LHBailey & Raffill in LHBailey, Stand. Cycl. Hoard. 1: 247 (1914).
  • Allamanda grandiflora (Aubl.) Lam. , Encycl. 4: 601 (1798), nom. illegal.
  • Allamanda hendersonii W.Bull ex Dombr. , Fl. Mag. (London) 5: t. 263 (1866).
  • Allamanda latifolia C. Presl , Abh. Königl. Bohm. Ges. Wiss., V, 3: 533 (1845).
  • Allamanda linnaei Pohl , Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 74 (1827).
  • Allamanda magnifica B.S. Williams , Cat. 1888: 19 (1888).
  • Allamanda martii : Recognized species, but not recognized variety:
    • Allamanda martii var. Parvifolia Müll.Arg. in CFP by Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6 (1): 13 (1860).
  • Allamanda neriifolia Hook. , Bot. Mag. 77: t. 4594 (1851).
  • Allamanda parviflora C. Presl , Abh. Königl. Bohm. Ges. Wiss., V, 3: 533 (1845).
  • Allamanda puberula : Recognized species, but not recognized varieties:
    • Allamanda puberula var. Gardneri A.DC. in APde Candolle, Prodr. 8: 319 (1844).
    • Allamanda puberula var. Glabrata Müll.Arg. in CFP by Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6 (1): 14 (1860).
    • Allamanda puberula var. Lasiocalycina Müll.Arg. in CFP by Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6 (1): 14 (1860).
  • Allamanda schottii Hook. , Bot. Mag. 74: t. 4351 (1848), nom. illegal.
  • Allamanda verrucosa Gardner ex Müll.Arg. in CFP by Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6 (1): 14 (1860).
  • Allamanda verticillata Desf. , Tabl. École Bot., Ed. 2: 93 (1815), provisional synonym.
  • Allamanda violacea Gardner in HBFielding & G.Gardner, Sert. Pl. 2: t. 41 (1844).
  • Allamanda wardleyana Lebas , Rev. Hort. 1877: 20 (1877).
  • Allamanda williamsii auct., Garden (London 1871-1927) 40: 1642 (1891).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mant. Pl. 2: 146 (1771). - online
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Allamanda. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  3. ↑ Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 73 (1827)
  4. ↑ in AP de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 319 (1844)
  5. ↑ Mant. Pl. 2: 214 (1771)
  6. ↑ in CFP by Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6 (1): 11 (1860)
  7. ↑ Notepad Bot. Garden Berlin-Dahlem 15: 131 (1940)
  8. ↑ in CFP by Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6 (1): 12 (1860)
  9. ↑ Gard. Chron. 1868: 180 (1868)
  10. ↑ Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 71 (1827)
  11. ↑ in CFP by Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6 (1): 12 (1860)
  12. ↑ in AP de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 319 (1844)
  13. ↑ Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 73 (1827)
  14. ↑ Linnaea 18: 743 (1845)
  15. ↑ Linnaea 30: 388 (1860)
  16. ↑ Notepad Bot. Garden Berlin-Dahlem 9:77 (1924)

Web links

Commons : Jungle Bells ( Allamanda )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files