Dark lungwort

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Dark lungwort
Dark lungwort (Pulmonaria obscura)

Dark lungwort ( Pulmonaria obscura )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Family : Boraginaceae (Boraginaceae)
Subfamily : Boraginoideae
Tribe : Boragineae
Genre : Lung herbs ( pulmonaria )
Type : Dark lungwort
Scientific name
Pulmonaria obscura
Dumort.

The dark lungwort ( Pulmonaria obscura ) is a plant species within the family of the predatory leaf family (Boraginaceae). It is widespread from northern to central Europe.

description

Stem and single leaf
Inflorescence with flowers in detail

Vegetative characteristics

The dark lungwort is a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches stature heights of 10 to 20, sometimes up to 30 centimeters. The upright stem is covered in the upper part and on the branches of the inflorescence with strong bristles, stalk glands and soft hair ( indument ).

The leaves are more softly hairy, 4 to 6 inches long, 1 to 2 inches wide and only very rarely lightly spotted on the nerves. The basal summer leaves are divided into a 5 to 10 centimeter long petiole and leaf blade. Their simple leaf blade is 4 to 12 centimeters long and about twice as long as it is wide and heart-shaped, elongated with a pointed upper end.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends mainly from March to May. The flowers sit in coils with leaves on the base . The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope. The corolla is 10 to 15 millimeters long, initially pink and later red-violet. The corolla tube is bare under the hair ring.

The nuts are 3.5 to 4 millimeters in length, are initially hairy, later bald and shiny brown to black in color.

The basic chromosome number is x = 7; it was diploidy , triploidy and tetraploidy with chromosome number 2n = 14, demonstrated 21 and 28th

Occurrence

Pulmonaria obscura occurs in southern Europe, in eastern, central and northern Europe, as well as in Turkey and western Siberia. It is a temperate continental floral element . It is the most common Pulmonaria species in Central Europe . The dark lungwort is very rare and endangered in Austria, while it is widespread in Switzerland.

The dark lungwort is widespread to scattered in Germany. In the north and in the foothills of the Alps it is rare or absent in parts.

The dark lungwort grows in mixed deciduous and coniferous forests. It thrives best on soaked, nutrient-rich, alkaline, but not always calcareous soils . It is a character species of the order Fagetalia in Central Europe .

Systematics

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

The genus Pulmonaria is extremely complex and difficult. There are numerous transitions and hybrid forms between the individual species. In some cases, the specific clans can only be determined by chromosome analysis. The dissemination information in the literature is therefore often incomplete or incorrect.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .
  • C. Alberti: Phenols and haemolysing lipids of the dark lungwort Pulmonaria obscura DUM. , Dissertation, Bonn 1998

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Dark lungwort . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  787 .
  3. ↑ Pulmonaria in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved November 16, 2017.

Web links

Commons : Dark lungwort ( Pulmonaria obscura )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files