Durandus of Mende
Durandus von Mende OP (* around 1230 in Puimoisson ; † November 1, 1296 in Rome ), also called Wilhelm (Guillaume) Durandus the Elder or Wilhelm Durand , was a French Dominican , canonist and liturgist. From 1286 until his death he was Bishop of Mende .
Life
Durandus studied in Lyon and Bologna . After completing his studies, he first taught canon law in Modena . After 1265 he came to Rome, where he became papal chaplain and auditor at the Roman Rota under Clement IV . He was a participant in the Second Council of Lyon . In 1279 he became dean in Chartres .
In 1286 he was appointed bishop of Mende. In 1295 Pope Boniface VIII called him back to Rome to the Roman Curia .
Tomb
The tomb of Wilhelm Durandus is in the right transept of the Roman church Santa Maria sopra Minerva . The wall tomb is to the left of the Cappella Carafa. The mosaic in the Gothic niche is by Giovanni Cosmato (1296): In the middle is depicted Mary with child , interceding on the left Saint Privatus von Mende and on the right Saint Dominic . The tomb for Onofrio Camaiani († 1574) is located under the Durandus tomb.
plant
The main canonical work of Durandus was his Speculum iudiciale , which has come down to us in two versions from the years 1279 and 1291. It became fundamental to church procedural law in the Middle Ages. The work earned him the nickname Doctor Speculator .
His main theological work is the Rationale Divinorum Officiorum . It is divided into eight books. As an allegorical explanation of the Mass, the rational interprets the liturgy in every detail as a symbolic visualization of the history of salvation. The work had a lasting influence on the Catholic understanding of liturgy well into the 19th century.
Works
- Rationale divinorum officiorum , Latin edition, Naples 1859 ( digitized version )
- Timothy M. Thibodeau ( transl .): The Rationale Divinorum Officiorum of William Durand of Mende. A New Translation of the Prologue and Book One. Columbia University Press, New York 2007, ISBN 978-0-231-14180-2
- Wilhelm Durandus. Rationale divinorum officiorum , translation and indexes by Herbert Douteil, with an introduction, edited and edited by Rudolf Suntrup (Liturgiewwissenschaftliche Quellen und Forschungen, 107), Aschendorff, Münster 2016
- Guilelmus Durantis. Manuale per comprendere il significato simbolico delle cattedrali e delle chiese, traduzione di Rosanna Campagnari, Arkeios, Roma 1999 (2nd edition 2000)
literature
- Kirstin Faupel-Drevs: On the Right Use of Images in the Liturgical Space: Medieval Functional Determinations of Fine Art in the "Rationale divinorum officiorum" of Durandus von Mende (1230/1 - 1296). (= Studies in the history of Christian thought 89) suffering; Boston; Cologne: Brill 2000 ISBN 90-04-11315-0 Zugl .: Mainz, Univ., Diss., 1997/98
- Jürgen Sarnowsky: Wilhelm Durandus , in: Religion in Past and Present online < http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405-8262_rgg4_SIM_124257 >
- Frank Soetermeer : Wilhelm Durand. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 22, Bautz, Nordhausen 2003, ISBN 3-88309-133-2 , Sp. 1527-1539.
Web links
- Guillaume Durand: The Symbolism of Churches and Church Ornaments. http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/42129
Remarks
- ↑ The inscription on the tomb of Durandus reads: † HOC EST SEPVLCRUM DOMINI GVLIELMI DVRANT EPISCOP.MIMETEN.ORD.PRAED
- ↑ IOHAN.FILIVS MAGISTRI COSMATI FECIT HOC OPVS
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Durandus of Mende |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wilhelm Durandus the Elder; Wilhelm Durand |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French canonist and liturgist, Bishop of Mende |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1230 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Puimoisson |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 1, 1296 |
| Place of death | Rome |