Duke of Sutherland
Duke of Sutherland is a hereditary British title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom , named after the county of Sutherland in Scotland .
The Dukes' family seat was originally Lilleshall Hall in Shropshire , England. Later larger family residences include Trentham Hall , Dunrobin Castle and Cliveden . In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Stafford House was the family's London townhouse.
Award
The title was bestowed on January 28, 1833, George Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Marquess of Stafford . He had been a Member of the House of Commons for 20 years before inheriting his father's titles and possessions. He is considered the richest Briton of the 19th century.
Subordinate title
The great-grandfather of the first duke was raised to Baron Gower , of Sittenham in the County of York , in 1703. He was also a Member of Parliament and also Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster . This title belongs to the Peerage of England . In 1691 he had inherited the title of 5th Baronet , of Sittenham, which was given to one of his ancestors in the Baronetage of England in 1620.
In 1746 the grandfather of the first duke, who held the office of Lord Seal Keeper for many years , was appointed Earl Gower with the subordinate title Viscount Trentham , of Trentham in the County of Stafford . Both dignities belong to the Peerage of Great Britain .
Finally, the father of the first duke was raised to Marquess of Stafford in 1786, also in the Peerage of Great Britain. From 1755 to 1794, with only brief interruptions, he worked in the highest government offices.
The first duke's second son, Francis , was also an important politician. He was raised in 1846 to Earl of Ellesmere , of Ellesmere in the County of Shropshire , with the subordinate title Viscount Brackley , of Brackley in the County of Northampton . The titles belong to the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The fifth Earl of Ellesmere inherited the dignity of Duke of Sutherland in 1963 with all subordinate titles.
All of these titles are now listed as subordinate titles to the respective Duke of Sutherland . The title heir carries the courtesy title of Marquess of Stafford . His eldest son carries the courtesy title Earl Gower and his eldest son, a great-grandson of the respective duke, that of a Viscount Trentham .
However, the seat of the Dukes, Dunrobin Castle , fell to his niece Elizabeth Sutherland, 24th Countess of Sutherland , after the death of childless George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 5th Duke of Sutherland in 1963 , while the title Duke of Sutherland was given to a distant relative , John Egerton, 5th Earl of Ellsmere .
Other titles
The second Duke inherited from his mother in 1839 the title Earl of Sutherland (created 1230) and the subordinate title Lord Strathnaver , both of which belong to the Peerage of Scotland . Since both titles can also be inherited in a female line if a title holder has no sons, they passed to his niece when the fifth duke died in 1963.
Both the first and the second Duke received a seat in the House of Lords while their father was still alive , as they were given the subordinate title of Baron Gower in advance ( Writ of Acceleration ).
coat of arms
Coat of arms of the Dukes of Sutherland from the Leveson-Gower family
Link to the picture
(Please note copyrights )
The coat of arms of the Dukes of Sutherland from the Leveson-Gower family was squared by the coats of arms Gower (field 1 and 4), Leveson (field 2) and Sutherland (field 4); later a heart shield was added to this coat of arms .
The coat of arms of the Dukes of Sutherland from the Egerton family shows a red lion in silver, which is accompanied by a black arrowhead at the top and bottom.
List of the Dukes of Sutherland, Earls and Barons Gower and Gower Baronets
Gower, later Leveson-Gower Baronets, of Sittenham (1620)
- Sir Thomas Gower, 1st Baronet (1584 – around 1665)
- Sir Thomas Gower, 2nd Baronet (around 1605–1672)
- Sir Thomas Gower, 3rd Baronet (around 1666–1689)
- Sir William Leveson-Gower, 4th Baronet (around 1647–1691)
- Sir John Leveson-Gower, 5th Baronet (1675–1709) (promoted to Baron Gower in 1703 )
Barons Gower (1703)
- John Leveson-Gower, 1st Baron Gower (1675–1709)
- John Leveson-Gower, 2nd Baron Gower (1694–1754) ( raised to Earl Gower in 1746 )
Earls Gower (1746)
- John Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Gower (1694–1754)
- Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Gower (1721–1803) ( raised to Marquess of Stafford in 1786 )
Marquesses of Stafford (1786)
- Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford (1721-1803)
- George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Marquess of Stafford (1758–1833) (promoted to Duke of Sutherland in 1833 )
Dukes of Sutherland (1833)
- George Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland (1758–1833)
- George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 2nd Duke of Sutherland (1786–1861)
- George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd Duke of Sutherland (1828-1892)
- Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland (1851-1913)
- George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 5th Duke of Sutherland (1888–1963)
- John Egerton, 6th Duke of Sutherland (1915-2000)
- Francis Egerton, 7th Duke of Sutherland (* 1940)
Title heir ( Heir Apparent ) is the eldest son of the current title holder, James Granville Egerton, Marquess of Stafford (* 1975).
Literature and web links
- Charles Kidd, David Williamson (Eds.): Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. St Martin's Press, New York 1990.
- Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page