Eduard Nehse

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Detail from the Brockenkarte by Nehse, 1849

Carl Eduard Nehse (born October 14, 1793 in Landsberg an der Warthe , † after 1855) was a German innkeeper and naturalist. From 1834 to 1850 he was the administrator of Count Henrich zu Stolberg-Wernigerode's brocken economy in the inn on the summit of the Brocken in the Harz Mountains . He wrote about the Brocken and took meteorological measurements there. From 1839 he headed the newly founded meteorological station on the Brocken, which at the time was the highest in Germany.

Live and act

Nehse was the son of a district tax collector and landowner. As a tenant he took over the Schumann's inn in Kroppenstedt and married the daughter of Friedrike, the landlord Künne of the "German House" in Ditfurt . In 1832 he successfully applied for the position of town clerk at the Wernigerode magistrate . Initially, he received an annual salary of 200 thalers approved by the magistrate. However, when the city council reduced this chancellery salary to 110 thalers a year, he looked around for another source of income. His letter of application was dated January 12, 1834 for the position that had become vacant due to the death of the previous Brocken landlord Christian Gerlach . Exactly four months later, on May 12, 1834, the administration of the Counts of Stolberg was handed over by Gerlach's widow to Eduard Nehse. In addition to the inn, he probably also ran a post office on the Brocken as an "unofficial service".

From 1836, Nehse took meteorological measurements. In October 1839, on the initiative of the Braunschweig natural scientist Wilhelm Lachmann , the highest meteorological station in Germany at that time was set up on the Brocken under the direction of Nehse. Written weather observations by Nehse are in Lachmann's meteorological estate in the Herzog August Library in Wolfenbüttel. After the head waiter Tolle had been put at his side because of irregularities in the accounting and he had to submit the invoice of the Brocken administration to the Count's Chamber in Wernigerode every week, he gave up his activity as Brocken landlord at Michaelis in 1850. He became a weather observer at the meteorological institute in Ballenstedt and leaseholder of an inn there. The initiative for the two-day Ballenstedt Music Festival under the artistic direction of Franz Liszt in June 1852 came from Nehse . In 1852 his wife Friedrike ran the restaurant zum Falken at the foot of Falkenstein Castle in the Harz Mountains. Eduard Nehse, however, had other plans. In 1852 he applied for the construction of a glassworks in Thießen , which the Anhalt authorities discussed until 1853. Nothing is known about the end of his life.

Significance and aftermath

Nehse's writings and meteorological measurements received contemporary attention. In the 19th century, Nehse was characterized by the regional historian Gustav Heyse as an “educated man who observed the Brocken with love, also described it and depicted it on maps”. The meteorologist Ludwig Friedrich Kämtz used the "careful records of the host Nehse" in his lectures.

Other contemporaries stated that as a “writer” he made “good observations about the nature of the chunk”. The "excellent second hand administrator" Nehse is characterized by "interest" and "perseverance" in his meteorological measurements.

In the Karl May story "In the spirit of the Llano Estacado", the " Brocken ghost , the origin of which Brocken landlord Nehse has so convincingly demonstrated" is mentioned. A son of Brockenwirt, the engineer Karl Georg Nehse (1832–1890) was friends with Karl May. The Brockenwirt Nehse is also mentioned in Ferdinand Freiligrath's poetic work .

Works (selection)

  • The Brocken and its peculiarities. With a small panorama of the Brocken , Thiele 1840
  • Plan of the Brocken and the adjacent mountains. In memory of visitors to the Brocken , 1844
  • Signpost between Ilsenburg and the Brocken , 1849
  • Brocken studbook with jokes and seriousness, wit and humor, wisdom and simplicity in poems and prose from May 1753 to May 1850.In addition to some comical Brocken poems from an old work by D. Johannes Praetorii from 1669 with the winter view of the Brocken buildings from 26. February 1850 , Eupel, 1850
  • Falkenstein Castle. Viewed historically and romantically. From Wilhelm Werner, City Secretary in Ballenstedt. Edited and self-published by CE Nehse, host to Falken unter dem Falkenstein in Selkethal , Herzogliche Hof-Stein- und Buchdruckerei, Ballenstedt 1856 digitized

literature

  • Christian Friedrich Kesslin: Messages from writers and artists in the county of Wernigerode from 1074-1855 . Wernigerode 1856, p. 207 (short biography)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georg von Gynz-Rekowski, Brocken , Königstein / Taunus 1991, p. 170
  2. ↑ Cf. Wolfram Richter: Philatelie und Heimatkunde. The history of the post on the Brocken . Göttingen 2002, p. 7, 25 ( Memento from June 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 8.6 MB)
  3. ↑ See Josef Walz: The Harz: in the heart of Germany, traveling in a two thousand year old cultural landscape , DuMont 1993, 71
  4. ↑ Cf. Karl Berthold Fischer: Chronicle of the Harzburg Office in the XIX. Century , Appelhans, 1912, p. 22
  5. ↑ Cf. Dieter Lent: From cold winters and hot summers. Weather observation and events in the state of Braunschweig since the early Middle Ages: a journey through the unexplored climate history of Southeast Lower Saxony. In: Braunschweigisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte. Braunschweigischer Geschichtsverein , Braunschweig 2007, volume 88, p. 20 fn. 27
  6. ↑ See Bernhard Johann Alex Meyer (Ed.): Archive for Regional Studies of the Prussian Monarchy , Volume 2, 1856, p. 72.
  7. ↑ For more information, see the music festival , project and program of the Ballenstedt theater association with reference to Otto Trübe, Das Hoftheater in Ballenstedt , 1929.
  8. ↑ Cf. August Ey: Harzbuch or the escort man through the Harz: with 24 steel engravings a. 1 Harz map , Goslar 1855, p. 374
  9. ↑ Cf. Gustav Heyse: Contributions to the knowledge of the Harz: its history, literature and coinage , Schnock 1874, p. 64
  10. ↑ See Ludwig Friedrich Kämtz: Lectures on Meteorology . Gebauer, Halle, 1840, p. 306f.
  11. ↑ See NN, in: Morgenblatt für educated readers , Volume 42, 1850, p. 1180
  12. ↑ Cf. NN, in: Allgemeine deutsche Naturhistorische Zeitung , Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden, 1847, p. 268
  13. ↑ See Karl May: Werke , Volume 3, Part 1, F. Greno, 1987, p. 540
  14. ↑ Cf. Dieter Sudhoff , Hans-Dieter Steinmetz: Karl-May-Chronik: 1842-1896 , Karl May Verlag 2005, p. 325
  15. ↑ See Ferdinand Freiligrath: Werke , Volume 1, G. Olms, 1974, p. 68
personal data
SURNAME Nehse, Eduard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nehse, Carl Eduard; Nehse, CE; Nehse, Carl Ernst; Nehse, Karl Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Brockenwirt, head of the meteorological station on the Brocken in the Harz Mountains and author of publications about the Brocken
DATE OF BIRTH October 14, 1793
PLACE OF BIRTH Landsberg on the Warta
DATE OF DEATH after 1855