Edward Bouverie Pusey

Edward Bouverie Pusey

Edward Bouverie Pusey (spr. Pjuhsi) (born August 22, 1800 in Pusey ; † September 16, 1882 in Oxford ) was an English theologian and founder of a decidedly Catholic school in the English high church, Puseyism ( Anglo-Catholicism / Oxford Movement ).

Life

Edward Bouverie Pusey, caricature in Vanity Fair (1875)

Pusey became Canon of Christ Church College and Regius Professor of Hebrew in Hebrew and Oriental Languages at the University of Oxford in 1828 . Unsatisfied by the rigidity of the English high church, Pusey came close to German Protestantism , also in its pietistic form , on a trip through Germany . He was in correspondence with August Tholuck . The external cause for the emergence of Anglo-Catholicism was a meeting of several members of the University of Oxford in 1833, which had the organization of the resistance against the attempted by the Whigs "liberalization of the (Anglican) Church" to the goal.

With like-minded people like Isaac Williams (1802–1865), Richard Hurrell Froude (1803–1836), William Palmer , John William Bowden , John Henry Newman , William George Ward , Arthur Philip Perceval , John Keble , Pusey gave the “Tracts for the times ”(“ Contemporary Treatises ”), which gradually dealt with the whole field of theology and approached more and more Catholic doctrine, although they only called for a renewal of the Anglican Church through a return to the Church Fathers . 90 tracts appeared.

Therefore, the followers were also called Pusey Tractarians ( Tractarians ) and the Puseyism was Tractarian controversy ( the Tractarian controversy, tractarianism ) called. In 1841 the government prohibited the continuation of the tracts and in 1843 Pusey himself was banned from preaching for two years by the so-called Board of Heresy , a kind of heretic court. His views were essentially close to Catholic doctrine. He demanded the validity of the tradition of succession ( apostolic succession ) of bishops and priests, the restoration of mass , the reintroduction of church penance, fasting and auricular confession. With regard to the Lord's Supper, he taught, at least semi-Catholic (or Lutheran), a real presence of Christ in the Eucharist . He wanted the thirty-nine articles to be understood and supplemented in an early Christian sense. Pusey found numerous followers, especially among the students at Oxford and the younger clergy who went out from there.

This led to a split, particularly as a result of the condemnation by the University of Oxford of a book by William George Ward of the "ideal of the church" in which the latter had called the core Protestant principle of justification by faith a "damnable, pestilential ethereal heresy". After Oakley, Ward, Wingfield and Newman converted to the Catholic Church, several hundred English clergymen followed, including Henry Edward Manning , the later Catholic Archbishop and Cardinal . Pusey himself remained in the Anglican Church and died on September 16, 1882.

Over time, Puseyism became a form of so-called ritualism ( high church movement ) among the clergy; the cult was sometimes so similar to the Roman that it could hardly be distinguished from the outside (invocation of the saints and angels, cult of Mary, belief in purgatory , mass for the dead, last unction, knee flexion, incense, burning lights, elevation of the host, etc. ). Pope Pius IX restored the Catholic hierarchy in England in 1850 , which in turn led to a rejection of Catholic rites on the Anglican side .

On the continent, Pusey's efforts received little attention in his time. Today, however, one sees in him a pioneer of the ecumenical movement and his theology is scientifically recognized.

Works

• The Councils of the Church from the Council of Jerusalem AD 51, to the Council of Constantinople AD 381 Chiefly as to Their Constitution, But Also as to Their Objects and History . Sold by John Henry and James Parker, Oxford 1857
• The Church of England a portion of Christ's one Holy Catholic Church, and a means of restoring visible unity. To Eirenicon, in a letter to the author of "The Christian year" (1865)
• Plain sermons. By contributors to the “Tracts for the Times” Vol. I (new edition) Oxford 1839. Authors: John Keble 1792–1866; Thomas Keble 1793-1875; John Henry Newman 1801-1890; Sir George Prevost 1804-1893; Edward B. Pusey 1800-1882; Robert Francis Wilson
• Tract XC: On certain passages in the XXXIX Articles by the Rev. JH Newman 1841. With a historical Preface by Rev. EB Pusey. And Catholic Subscription to the XXXIX Articles, Considered in Reference to Tract IX by Rev. John Keble 1841. Sold by John Henry and James Parker, Oxford 1865

literature

• The Puseyites . In: Illustrirte Zeitung . No. 22 . J. J. Weber, Leipzig November 25, 1843, p. 342-343 ( books.google.de ).
• Moritz Petri (Ed.): Contributions to better appreciation of the nature and meaning of Puseyism, by transposing some of the most important relevant English writings along with an introduction. 2 volumes. Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 1843–1844.
• Robert Weaver: Puseyism in its teachings and tendencies illuminated. TO Weigel, Leipzig 1844.
• Anton Westermayer: The Puseyism in Halle, from the latest literary publication , Manz, Regensburg 1844.
• William Edward Jelf: Ritualism, Romanism an English reformation. Longmans, London 1876.
• Carl Mettgenberg: Ritualism and Romanism in England. Hochgürtel, Bonn 1877.
• Albrecht Geck : The Concept of History in EB Pusey's First Inquiry into German Theology and its German Background. In: The Journal of Theological Studies. NS 38,2 , ISSN  0022-5185 , 1987, 387-408.
• Albrecht Geck: Friendship in Faith. EB Pusey (1800–1882) and FAG Tholuck (1799–1877) in the fight against rationalism and pantheism. Spotlights on an English-German correspondence. In: Pietism and Modern Times. 27, 2001, ISSN  0172-6943 , 91-117.
• Albrecht Geck: Edward Bouverie Pusey. High church awakening. In: Peter Neuner , Gunther Wenz (ed.): Theologians of the 19th century. An introduction. Scientific book company, Darmstadt 2002, ISBN 3-534-14962-9 , 108-126.
• Albrecht Geck (Ed.): Authority and Faith. Edward Bouverie Pusey and Friedrich August Gotttreu Tholuck in correspondence (1825–1865). V & R Unipress, Osnabrück 2009, ISBN 978-3-89971-577-4 (also: Osnabrück, Univ., Habilitation thesis, 2008).
• Albrecht Geck, Pusey, Tholuck and the Oxford Movement, in: Stewart J. Brown / Peter B. Nockles (ed.), The Oxford Movement. Europe and the Wider World 1830-1930, Cambridge (Cambridge University Press) 2012, 168-184.
• Albrecht Geck, From Modern-Orthodox Protestantism to Anglo-Catholicism: An Inquiry into the Probable Causes of the Revolution of Pusey's Theology, in: Rowan Strong / Carol Engelhardt Herringer (eds.), Edward Bouverie Pusey and the Oxford Movement, London / New York / New Delhi (Anthem Press) 2012, 49-66.

source

• Meyers Konversationslexikon
• The small encyclopedia , Encyclios-Verlag, Zurich, 1950, volume 2, page 411

Web links

• Pusey's works: SUB Göttingen
• Literature by and about Edward Bouverie Pusey in the Internet Archive (online)

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} John Octavius ​​Johnston, Pusey, Edward Bouverie in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 47 on Wikisource.
2. ↑ The ideal of the Christian church considered in comparison with existing practice, containing a defense of certain articles in the British critic in reply to remarks on them in Mr. Palmer's 'Narrative' . London 1844 (Reprint New York 1977)
3. ^ Colman Barry: Upon these rocks. Catholics in the Bahamas . St. John's Abbey Press, Collegeville 1973. ISBN 0-8146-0812-4 . P. 67 (illustrated using the example of a "Puseyite" in the British colonies).