Novosibirsk Railway Bridge
Coordinates: 55 ° 0 ′ 35 ″ N , 82 ° 55 ′ 5 ″ E
| Novosibirsk Railway Bridge | ||
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| Crossing of | If | |
| place | Novosibirsk | |
| construction | Truss - Gerber girder bridge | |
| overall length | 825 m | |
| Number of openings | seven | |
| Longest span | 115 m | |
| start of building | 1893 | |
| completion | 1897 | |
| Status | scrapped | |
| planner | Nikolai Beleljubsky | |
| closure | 1991 | |
| location | ||
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The Novosibirsk Railway Bridge was the first railway bridge over the Ob and one of the longest bridges on the Trans-Siberian Railway .
history
The route of the new railway in western Siberia between Omsk and Krasnoyarsk could not be laid over Tomsk , the most important city on this route at the time, as the nearby Ob spreads over a river bed several kilometers wide during floods. Explorations of the still largely unknown area under Nikolai Garin-Michailowski led about 200 km south of Tomsk to an only 800 m wide passage of the Ob near the village of Krivoschtschekowa, which was then determined as the location for the construction of the bridge.
First railway bridge (1897)
The bridge was built between 1893 and 1897 based on a design by Nikolai Beleljubsky . From the settlement of bridge construction workers near the village of Krivoschtschekowa, the city of Novonikolajewsk emerged over time, which was renamed Novosibirsk in 1926 and is now the largest city in Siberia and the third largest city in Russia.
The single-track bridge had seven stream openings with a total length of 765 m, which are spanned by semi-parabolic girders. A small, 30 m long fish-belly girder bridge connected to the elevated railway embankment over both embankments . The entire bridge structure was 825 m long.
From a constructive point of view it was a Gerber girder bridge . Three semi-parabolic girders were each 143 m long, but their span was only 115 m, so that they cantilevered 14 m on both sides over the bearings on the pillars. Four semi-parabolic girders were 84 m long and served as suspension girders, the ends of which were supported on the protruding parts of the longer girders or on the two bank pillars. The lengths of the girders were thus 30 + 84 + 143 + 84 + 143 + 84 + 143 + 84 + 30 m, while the spans had the following dimensions, deviating from this: 30 + 98 + 115 + 112 + 115 + 112 + 115 + 98 + 30 m. The change between the cantilever and suspension girders was externally recognizable by the fact that the lower, straight straps of the suspension girders were slightly higher than those of the cantilever girders.
As with all the bridges of the Trans-Siberian Railway, the construction developed by Beleljubski was used here to articulate the transverse profiles of the actual road girders on the main girders.
The pillars were made of granite blocks and extended over the entire width of the superstructure. On the upstream side of the river , they had the usual at that time, sloping forward walling, which served less as a flow divider , but more as an icebreaker to break up and laterally divert the ice drift that set in every spring .
Parallel Bridge (1984)
In the 1930s, a double-track line was built mainly for freight trains around Novosibirsk, which crosses the Ob on the Komsomolsk Railway Bridge, which is about 7 km further south. The old railway bridge lost its importance and was practically only used for passenger traffic.
In the 1950s, the hydroelectric power station on the Ob was built south of the city , which among other things meant that there was no more ice drift below the power station and the large icebreakers on the old bridge lost their meaning.
In 1974 these icebreakers began to be used as the basis for an extension of the reinforced concrete pillars and a second, parallel bridge to be built on them, which was opened in 1984. In contrast to the old bridge, it has no tannery girders, but consists of a row of seven parallel-chorded truss girders, each of which rest with both ends on the pillars.
From 1984 there was a double-track train service. In 1991 the traffic on the old bridge was stopped. From 2000 onwards it was dismantled and scrapped. Only one of the suspension brackets was set up 150 m further south on the eastern bank promenade as a museum piece.
The bridge from 1984 is remarkable in that cantilever arms are attached to its southern upper chords , to which three conductors of a high-voltage overhead line are attached.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d The bridges of the Siberian railway. In: Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung, XVI. Volume, No. 39 (from September 26, 1896), p. 434 ( digitized on opus.kobv.de)
- ^ BP: A Russian master of engineering. In: Deutsche Bauzeitung , XXXII. Vintage. N ° 2 (from January 8, 1898), p. 15 ( digital version (PDF; 13.6 MB) on opus4.kobv.de)