Nikolai Apollonowitsch Beleljubski

Nikolai Beleljubsky

Nikolai Belelyubsky ( Russian Николай Аполлонович Белелюбский ) (* 13. March 1845 in Kharkov in the Russian Empire , today Kharkiv in the Ukraine ; †  2. August 1922 in Petrograd in the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic , now St. Petersburg in Russia ) was a Russian civil engineer . As a long-term professor of bridge construction at the Imperial Institute of Road Construction Engineers in St. Petersburg, he had a major influence on the construction of Russian railway bridges in theory and practice.

Life

Nikolai Belelubsky was born on March 13, 1845 in Kharkov, the son of a railway engineer. He spent his youth in Taganrog , where he graduated from high school in 1862 with a gold medal.

After studying at the Imperial Institute of Road Construction Engineers in St. Petersburg, he became an assistant for structural mechanics and bridge construction there in 1867. After only five years, in 1873, he was appointed professor for these subjects. Until the end of his life, he worked as a teacher and researcher in bridge building and materials science. At the same time, he designed numerous important bridges that were built in Russia in the decades before the First World War .

In 1881 he also became a member of the engineering council of the Ministry of Transportation. In connection with his teaching activities and his official duties, he also founded and directed the test institute for testing building materials.

He is buried in the cemetery of the Novodevichy Convent in St. Petersburg.

Services

In his teaching activities he trained thousands of engineers who later worked in all parts of Russia. In doing so, he first laid the foundations by transferring scientific works from abroad. a. by August Ritter , Johann Wilhelm Schwedler , Hermann Scheffler , Emil Winkler and others, but soon began to publish his own works on his bridges, on building mechanics and the testing of building materials.

Amur Bridge

As a drafting engineer and supervising construction, he was in charge of drafting the bridges of more than 30 railway companies, including the Syzran railway bridge (1880) over the Volga , at that time the longest bridge in Europe, the railway bridge in Ufa (1888) over the Belaya , and the double-decker bridge in Yekaterinoslav (today Dnipropeщ ) over the Dnjepro , a bridge over the Msta and the large bridge for the Trans-Siberian Railway in the later Novosibirsk (1897) over the Ob .

For the Syzran railway bridge, he developed a much-discussed construction method of articulating the cross girders on the main girders and thus avoiding static uncertainties that can arise from a rigid connection between these components. This construction was later also used in Western Europe.

As a member of the engineering council of the Ministry of Transport, he was instrumental in drafting the official regulations on bridge construction and the materials used. As a ministerial official, he also had to inspect all the larger buildings, which was a time-consuming and arduous task given the enormous expansion of the tsarist empire and the means of transport at the time.

In the research institute for the testing of building materials, he achieved great merits with the introduction of indigenous cements and the fluvial iron produced in the Siemens-Martin and Thomas processes , so that steel was approved for bridge construction in Russia earlier than in Western Europe replaced the wrought iron used until then . With his material investigations, he also demonstrated that natural stones must be tested for frost resistance before being used in bridge construction .

He gave lectures in numerous technical associations in Western European capitals and published a number of his papers in German in the Rigaschen Industrie-Zeitung .

Honors

In Russia he received the title of Real State Council. In 1907 he was awarded an honorary doctorate (as Dr.-Ing.Eh ) by the civil engineering department of the Technical University (Berlin-) Charlottenburg . In 1909 he became an honorary member of the Berlin Architects' Association .

Web links

Commons : Nikolai Beleljubski  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Obituary: Russ. Council of State v. Belelubsky . ( Memento of the original from October 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung Volume 45, No. 24 of June 17, 1925, p. 298. In the Russian and English Wikipedia, August 4th is named as the day of his death. 
   
2. ↑ The spelling Belelubsky was common during his lifetime in the German professional circles in which he frequented himself. (See the sources cited)
3. ↑ Юрлов: Инженер, учёный, патриот. In: Наша школа, №2 (111) -2010, p. 39  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (N. Jurlow: engineer, scientist, patriot. In: Our school №2 (111) -2010, p. 39)  
4. ^ The grammar school is today's Chekhov Literature Museum
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} B.P .: A Russian master of engineering. In: Deutsche Bauzeitung , XXXII. Vintage. N ° 2 (from January 8, 1898), p. 15 ( digital version (PDF; 13.6 MB) on opus4.kobv.de)
6. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung , Volume 27, 1907, No. 55 (from July 6, 1907) ( online ), p. 372.
7. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung , Volume 29, 1909, No. 23 (from March 20, 1909) ( online ( Memento of the original from October 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original - and archive link according to instructions and then remove this note. as PDF), p. 158.