Novosibirsk Reservoir

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Novosibirsk Reservoir
Новосибирское водохранилище
(Novosibirskoye Vodochranilishche)
Novosibirsk Reservoir
Novosibirsk Reservoir
Location: Novosibirsk Oblast , Altai Region , Siberia , Russia ( Asia )
Tributaries: Whether and z. B. Karakan , Berd
Drain: If
Major cities nearby: Novosibirsk , Berdsk
Novosibirsk Reservoir (Novosibirsk Oblast)
Novosibirsk Reservoir
Coordinates 54 ° 40 '7 "  N , 82 ° 42' 10"  E Coordinates: 54 ° 40 '7 "  N , 82 ° 42' 10"  E
Data on the structure
Lock type: Dams (stone / earth embankment dams
)
Construction time: 1953-1961
Height of the barrier structure : 45 m
Crown length: 318 + 4,961 + 1,023 m
6,302 m
Power plant output: 7 * 65 = 455 MW
Data on the reservoir
Altitude (at congestion destination ) 113  m
Water surface 1,082 km²dep1
Reservoir length approx. 185 kmdep1
Reservoir width approx. 18 kmdep1
Storage space 4.4 km³
Total storage space : 8.8 km³
Catchment area 227,500 km²
Beach on the reservoir
Lock on the reservoir

The Novosibirsk Reservoir ( Russian Новосибирское водохранилище , Nowosibirskoje Wodochranilischtsche), in the vernacular Obskoje Morje ( море Обское , Ob-Sea), is an approximately 1,082 km² large artificial lake near Novosibirsk on Whether in the Novosibirsk Oblast and Altai ( Siberia ) in the Asian part Of Russia .

Geographical location

The Novosibirsk Reservoir extends in the southeast part of the Novosibirsk Oblast and with its southwest foothills in the northwest part of the Altai region. It is on average around 90 km southwest of the metropolis of Novosibirsk with its southern districts on the reservoir. Berdsk is also located on the bank, along with other localities ; Iskitim is nearby . The reservoir is traversed by the Ob , one of the longest rivers on earth . Among the leading-flowing waters include the eastern Sawjalowo the Karakan and the northeastern Berdsk of the Berdbucht flowing through Berd .

Reservoir

The Novosibirsk reservoir is about 1,082 km². It is a maximum of 185 km long and 18 km wide and is 113  m high. On average it is 8.2 m and a maximum of 25 m deep. Its capacity is 4.4 km³ storage space and 8.8 km³ total storage space , its catchment area is 227,500 km² and its mean annual discharge is 54.5 km³. Due to the construction of the reservoir, around 284 km² of arable land in the river valley was flooded, with 8,225 buildings having to be demolished or relocated. There are numerous beaches and tourist facilities on the shore.

dam

The dam is located in the Novosibirsk urban area, around 20 km south-southeast of the city center. It consists of an overflow dam, ship lock with access channel, left (318 m long) and right embankment (4,961 m) and right dam (1,023 m).

The road leading over the dam connects the districts of Schljusy ( Шлюзы, literally: locks) and ObGES ( ОбьГЭС, literally: Ob hydroelectric power station). A little to the east of the dam is Novosibirsk's academic site, Akademgorodok .

Hydroelectric power plant

The hydropower plant that was integrated into the dam is 223.6 m long. Its 7 turbines of 65 MW each deliver a total of 455 MW. The power plant produces 1,687 million kWh of electrical energy on average over the year . The maximum discharge over the generators (0.1%) is 15,900 m³ / s, the length of the wall under pressure is 5.33 km and the maximum static pressure is 19.6 m.

history

The first ideas to build a hydropower plant to supply electricity to Novosibirsk arose at the beginning of the 20th century, and the first plans to build along smaller rivers were rejected. A working group was founded in 1950 and the project for the construction of the hydroelectric power station on the Ob was confirmed in 1951. Construction began in 1953, from 1956 the Ob was dammed. From 1957 onwards, the seven generating sets were put into operation one after the other. Construction was officially completed in 1961. The building was planned by the "Lengidroprojekt" institute. In 1972 the output of the generators was increased from 400 to 455 MW.

environmental issues

The damming of the Ob resulted in considerable environmental problems. Erosion, due to destroyed (flooded) forests, floods and floods occurred. The population of some fish species in the Ob decreased dramatically after the dam was built.

Technical specifications

Technical data of the reservoir, dam and hydropower plant at a glance:

Reservoir:

  • Length: 185 km (kilometers)
  • Width: 18 km
  • Depth (average / maximum): 8.2 m / 25 m (meters)
  • Height of the water surface: 113  m
  • Area: 1,082 km² (square kilometers)
  • Catchment area: 227,500 km²
  • Flooded arable land: 284 km²
  • Mean annual discharge: 54.5 km³ (cubic kilometers)
  • Maximum and optimal capacity: 8.8 and 4.4 km³
  • Demolished or relocated buildings: 8,225

Dam:

  • Total length: 6,302 m (meters)
    • left embankment: 318 m
    • Right embankment: 4,961 m
    • right dam: 1,023 m
  • Maximum static pressure: 19.6 m
  • Length of the wall under pressure: 5.33 km (kilometers)

Hydropower plant:

  • Length 223.6 m (meters)
  • Number of turbines and power: 7 à 65 MW = 455 MW (megawatts)
  • Average annual production: 1,687 million kWh (kilowatt hours) of electrical energy
  • Maximum discharge over the generators (0.1%): 15,900 m³ / s (cubic meters per second)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Topographic map (1: 1,000,000, p. N-44, edition 1987), Novosibirsk reservoir with Ob (right part of the picture) and a. with Novosibirsk , Berdsk and the nearby Iskitim (each on the north-northeastern part of the lake), Barnaul (far right); on mapr44.narod.ru (with heights above sea level )

Web links

Commons : Novosibirsk Reservoir  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files