Electron beam technology

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The electron beam technology is a branch of electrical engineering.

description

Applications and operating principles based on the targeted technical emission of electrons . The electron serves as an energy source for a physically or chemically effective process. The electron is then either used as an information- transmitting medium for a projection (optics) or acts as an energy-transmitting medium in process engineering applications on a target substrate. There are various industrial and scientific fields of application and a constantly evolving theory that goes back to physics at the end of the 19th century.

Working principle

There are several functional principles to supply enough energy to the cathode , the emitting body, so that electrons can be emitted, whereby the specific, material- dependent work function of the electrons must be achieved. The emitting body wears depending on the emission intensity. These principles are:

All of these principles are characterized by specific areas of application and have different characteristics.

Physical basics

Common components

history

Essential foundations were laid with the Braun electron tube after the invention of the light bulb by Edison. This was used, among other things, in broadcast technology. Manfred von Ardenne further developed the technology and made it applicable to the electron microscope and, after the war, for welding , evaporation , cutting (manufacturing technology) and melting . After the fall of the Wall and the peaceful revolution in the GDR , many former employees from the private research institute "Manfred von Ardenne" merged with the newly founded Fraunhofer Institute for Electron Beam and Plasma Technology Dresden, and a pioneering work from 1975 became almost unchanged in 1995 reissued. In the meantime, the use of electron beam technology in the industrial sector has become more widespread, and symposia on the subject are held regularly in the United States of America and East Asia, so that the technology is further developed. Medical technology and aerospace technology are new areas .

significant contributions through:

Use as an information medium

Use as an energy source in engineering production processes

The use of electron beam technology in production is a sub-area of production technology , a physics-focused area of ​​general mechanical engineering that partially overlaps with process engineering . Together with other processes, it is used to manufacture goods to satisfy interests within the framework of an economic cycle.

See electron beam material processing

  • Electron beam in vacuum

  • Variants of electron beam welding

  • Electron beam in atmosphere

  • Evaporation systems electron beam evaporation
  • Melting plants electron beam melting
  • Processing systems (separating / cutting)
  • Welding systems
  • Coating plants
  • as radiation-chemical (biocidal) treatment of seeds

literature

  • Schiller, Heisig, Panzer: electron beam technology; Verlag Technik GmbH Berlin, 1995 (Fraunhofer Institute for Electron Beam and Plasma Technology Dresden)
  • Heger, A .: Technology of the radiation chemistry of polymers; Carl Hanser Verlag Munich Vienna, 1990
  • Garratt, PG: Radiation Hardening; Curt R. Vincentz Verlag Hannover, 1996
  • Helmut Schultz: Electron beam welding (= specialist book series welding technology. Vol. 93). 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Verlag DVS - Welding and Related Processes, Düsseldorf 2017, ISBN 978-3-945023-85-3 .
  • Klaus-Rainer Schulze: electron beam technologies (= knowledge compact. Vol. 1). DVS Media, Düsseldorf, 2011, ISBN 978-3-87155-225-0 .
  • Patent DE102011115913A1 : Joining and separating workpieces with an electron beam in a non-vacuum. ‌